Table 2.
Patient demographics and clinical characteristics.
| Children | Adolescents | Young adults | Overall | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 83 | N = 492 | N = 1,145 | N = 1,720 | |
| Age at medication initiation, mean (95% CI) | 10.7 (10.3–11.0) | 15.8 (15.7–16.0) | 22.6 (22.5–22.7) | 20.1 (19.9–20.3) |
| Starting weight/BMI recorded in chart, n (%) | 63 (75.9) | 388 (78.9) | 828 (72.3) | 1,279 (74.4) |
| Starting BMI, mean kg/m2 (95% CI) | 34.0 (32.0–35.9) | 39.1 (38.2–39.9) | 39.6 (39.0–40.2) | 39.2 (38.7–39.7) |
| Starting BMI Z-score, mean (95% CI) | 2.4 (2.3–2.5) | 2.3 (2.3–2.4) | N/A | 2.3 (2.3–2.4) |
| Obesity class, n (%) | ||||
| Overweight | ≤ 10 | 36 (8.5) | 125 (13.6) | 162 (11.5) |
| Class I (mild) | 23 (32.9) | 108 (25.4) | 208 (22.7) | 339 (24.0) |
| Class II (moderate) | 19 (27.1) | 118 (27.8) | 222 (24.2) | 359 (25.4) |
| Class III (severe) | 27 (38.6) | 163 (38.4) | 362 (39.5) | 552 (39.1) |
| Number of weight-loss medications, n (%) | ||||
| 1 | 68 (81.9) | 351 (71.3) | 924 (80.7) | 1,343 (78.1) |
| 2 | 12 (14.5) | 100 (20.3) | 177 (15.5) | 289 (16.8) |
| 3 | 3 (3.6) | 27 (5.5) | 37 (3.2) | 67 (3.9) |
| ≥4 | (0.0) | 14 (2.9) | 7 (0.6) | 21 (1.2) |
| Sex, n (%) | ||||
| Male | 38 (45.8) | 143 (29.1) | 203 (17.7) | 384 (22.3) |
| Female | 45 (54.2) | 349 (70.9) | 942 (82.3) | 1,336 (77.7) |
| Race, n (%) | ||||
| White | 40 (52.6) | 285 (59.3) | 666 (59.5) | 991 (59.1) |
| Black | ≤ 10 | 44 (9.2) | 131 (11.7) | 185 (11.0) |
| Hispanic | 19 (25.0) | 82 (17.1) | 177 (15.8) | 278 (16.6) |
| Asian/Pacific Islander | ≤ 10 | 15 (3.1) | 16 (1.4) | 32 (1.9) |
| Native American | 0 | ≤ 10 | ≤ 10 | ≤ 10 |
| Other | ≤ 10 | 53 (11.0) | 124 (11.1) | 183 (10.9) |
| Insurance, n (%) | ||||
| Private Insurance | 50 (60.2) | 300 (61.0) | 649 (56.7) | 999 (58.1) |
| Medicaid | 33 (39.8) | 164 (33.3) | 404 (35.3) | 601 (34.9) |
| Self-pay | (0.0) | 17 (3.5) | 32 (2.8) | 49 (2.9) |
| Metabolic and bariatric surgery, n (%) | ||||
| Sleeve gastrectomy | 0 | 46 (9.4) | 134 (11.7) | 181 (10.5) |
| Laparoscopic roux-en-Y gastric bypass | 0 | 19 (3.9) | 68 (5.9) | 87 (5.1) |
| Laparoscopic adjustable gastric band | 0 | 0 | ≤ 10 | ≤ 10 |
| Obesity-related illnesses, mean (95% CI) | 2.7 (2.3–3.0) | 3.2 (3.0–3.4) | 3.2 (3.1–3.3) | 3.2 (3.1–3.3) |
| Obesity-related illnesses, n (%) | ||||
| Anxiety | 45 (54.2) | 302 (61.4) | 723 (63.3) | 1,070 (62.3) |
| Depression | 28 (33.7) | 261 (53.1) | 668 (58.4) | 957 (55.7) |
| Gastroesophageal reflux disease | 21 (25.3) | 177 (36.0) | 490 (42.9) | 688 (40.1) |
| Hypertension | 16 (19.3) | 111 (22.6) | 369 (32.3) | 496 (28.9) |
| Dyslipidemia | 20 (24.1) | 150 (30.5) | 317 (27.7) | 487 (28.4) |
| Type 2 diabetes mellitus | 19 (22.9) | 119 (24.2) | 295 (25.8) | 433 (25.2) |
| Attention-deficit hyperactive disorder | 34 (41.0) | 136 (27.6) | 226 (19.8) | 396 (23.1) |
| Obstructive sleep apnea | 19 (22.9) | 134 (27.2) | 245 (21.4) | 398 (23.2) |
| Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease | 14 (16.9) | 127 (25.8) | 247 (21.6) | 388 (22.6) |
| Personality Disorders | ≤ 10 | 27 (5.5) | 66 (5.8) | 93 (5.4) |
| Idiopathic intracranial hypertension | ≤ 10 | 15 (3.1) | 42 (3.7) | 57 (3.3) |
| Obesity hypoventilation syndrome | ≤ 10 | ≤ 10 | 13 (1.1) | 13 (0.8) |
| Other on-label indications, n (%) | ||||
| Epilepsy | 13 (15.7) | 81 (16.5) | 147 (12.9) | 241 (14.0) |
| Tobacco use/dependence | ≤ 10 | 37 (7.5) | 195 (17.1) | 232 (13.5) |
| Alcohol dependence/abuse | 0 | 14 (2.9) | 117 (10.2) | 131 (7.6) |
| Opioid dependence/abuse | 0 | ≤ 10 | 68 (6.0) | 68 (4.0) |
BMI, Body Mass Index.