FIGURE 2.

Optimization of EV-based paracrine therapy with dECM technology. Cardiac regenerative strategy based on the synergistic combination of EV-based beneficial effects and cardiac dECM formulations for putative future paracrine therapy, as ready-to-use and off-shelf advanced therapy medicinal product (ATMP); indeed, such innovative approach may overcome some of the major limits of EV-based strategy, such as tissue retention, tissue specific tropism and sustained, controlled release. Schematic was drawn using BioRender (https://app.biorender.com).