Figure 4.

In vitro cell experiments exploring the mechanism for enhanced therapeutic effects. a) Fluorescence assay analyzing intracellular •OH generation after different treatments of DMEM (control), ¹²⁵I and ¹²⁵I‐TiO₂. b) Quantitative comparison of •OH yield among groups (n = 3, mean ± s.d., one‐way ANOVA with LSD‐t post hoc test, P < 0. 0001 (¹²⁵I‐TiO₂ vs ¹²⁵I) and = 0.0002 (¹²⁵I‐TiO₂ vs Control), ***P < 0.001). c) Immunofluorescence assay analyzing DNA DSBs by γ‐H2AX staining in DMEM (control), ¹²⁵I, and ¹²⁵I‐TiO₂ groups. d) Quantitative comparison of DNA DSBs‐related red fluorescent foci of γ‐H2AX among groups (n = 10, mean ± s.d., Kruskal–Wallis one‐way ANOVA analysis, P = 0.002 (¹²⁵I‐TiO₂ vs ¹²⁵I) and <0.001 (¹²⁵I‐TiO₂ vs Control), **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001).