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. 2020 Apr 6;7(10):1902913. doi: 10.1002/advs.201902913

Figure 8.

Figure 8

Fungal cell membrane damage as a result of photocatalytic TiO2 nanoparticles. A) Scanning electron micrographs of S. cerevisiae cells exposed to controls (20 h in water, UV‐A, or TiO2 in the dark) or treatment (3 and 20 h) under light irradiation with photocatalytic nanoparticles. B) Transmission electron micrographs of S. cerevisiae cells after 3 and 20 h of photocatalytic treatment as well as after 20 h of exposure to nonilluminated TiO2. White arrows indicate cell wall cracks and holes. Reproduced with permission.[ 208 ] Copyright 2014, American Society of Microbiology.