Table 2.
Average per-participant costs per 3-month period in Euros for the year 2015 and average outcomes by measurement and condition.
| Costs and outcomes | Baseline | Posttreatment (3 months) | Follow-up (6 months) | ||||
|
|
VR-CBTa | TAUb | VR-CBT | TAU | VR-CBT | TAU | |
| Costs (€), mean (SD) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Health care costs | 1918 (5178) | 1396 (3146) | 3031 (3189) | 648 (960) | 887 (1160) | 1039 (2640) |
|
|
Travel costs | 31 (23) | 29 (26) | 60 (34) | 23 (15) | 28 (22) | 24 (16) |
|
|
Productivity loss | 553 (2730) | 224 (1214) | 359 (1205) | 214 (1127) | 28 (161) | 102 (588) |
|
|
Total (societal) costs | 2502 (6246) | 1649 (3570) | 3076 (3469) | 885 (1589) | 943 (1185) | 1165 (2766) |
| Outcomes, mean (SD) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
GPTSc paranoia (score) | 85 (34) | 77 (31) | 70 (31) | 75 (31) | 67 (33) | 75 (33) |
|
|
Time spent with others (proportion) | 0.416 (0.256) | 0.364 (0.266) | 0.404 (0.226) | 0.323 (0.266) | 0.419 (0.209) | 0.340 (0.273) |
|
|
Momentary anxiety (scored) | 2.986 (1.120) | 3.259 (1.484) | 2.586 (1.089) | 3.221 (1.495) | 2.645 (1.095) | 3.218 (1.388) |
|
|
Momentary paranoia (scored) | 3.064 (1.393) | 3.259 (1.418) | 2.714 (1.291) | 3.221 (1.518) | 2.719 (1.293) | 3.218 (1.467) |
aVR-CBT: virtual reality-based cognitive behavioral therapy.
bTAU: treatment as usual.
cGPTS: Green’s Paranoid Thoughts Scale.
dScores are on a 7-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (not at all) to 7 (very).