Table 5.

Mortality (%) of X. index adult females after 4 to 24 h exposures to 125–1000 µg mL⁻¹ solutions of the saponin extract from five different Medicago species (means ± SE).

Concentration	Exposure Time (hours)
(µg mL−1)	4	8	16	24
	M. heyniana
125	0.0	0.0	0.0	3.3 ± 2.4
250	0.0	0.0	0.0	3.3 ± 0.6
500	0.0	6.8 ± 4.7	36.8 ± 4.1	56.7 ± 6.2
1000	40.0 ± 4.1	66.8 ± 10.3	80.0 ± 6.2	100
LC50	≥	856	611	544
	M. hybrida
125	0.0	0.0	0.0	3.3 ± 2.4
250	0.0	3.3 ± 2.4	3.3 ± 2.4	6.7 ± 2.4
500	0.0	6.8 ± 2.4	13.3 ± 2.4	23.3 ± 2.2
1000	3.2 ± 2.4	6.8 ± 4.7	30.0 ± 4.1	46.7 ± 2.8
LC50	≥	≥	1692	1165
	M. lupulina
125	6.8 ± 2.4	6.8 ± 2.4	12.3 ± 1.6	6.7 ± 2.4
250	20.0 ± 8.2	26.8 ± 2.4	33.3 + 2.4	43.3 ± 4.7
500	56.7 ± 16.5	93.3 ± 2.4	96.7 ± 2.5	100
1000	100 ± 0	100	100	100
LC50	457	274	241	273
	M. murex
125	0.0	13.3 ± 2.4	26.7 ± 2.4	36.7 ± 4.7
250	0.0	26.8 ± 6.2	40.0 ± 4.7	43.3 ± 6.2
500	0.0	33.3 ± 2.4	43.3 ± 2.4	50.0 ± 4.1
1000	16.8 ± 4.7	43.3 ± 2.4	63.3 ± 4.1	83.3 ± 2.4
LC50	≥	1357	536	295
	M. truncatula
125	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
250	6.8 ± 2.4	6.8 ±2.4	6.7 ± 2.3	10.0 ± 1.1
500	13.3 ± 4.7	16.8 ± 4.7	23.3 ± 3.3	23.3 ± 2.4
1000	30.0 ± 7.1	86.8 ± 4.7	96.7 ± 2.4	97.6 ± 3.2
LC50	2228	628	525	498
Oxamyl (1 mL L−1)	38.5 ± 4.1	80.0 ± 4.1	95.0 ± 2.9	100
Water	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
LSD 0.05	14.5	14.3	15.6	18.4