Table 5.

HPLC analysis of phenolic acids (mg g⁻¹ DM) in twigs of the examined accessions of Parthenium argentatum harvested at 30 (winter) or 33 months (spring) after transplanting. (Means ± SD, n = 3, Fisher’s test).

	Neochlorogenic Acid			Chlorogenic Acid			Cryptochlorogenic Acid			Isovanillic Acid			Cynarin			3,5 DCQ [1]
Retention Time (min)	9.46			11.27			11.57			14.1			16.3			24.4
	Winter	Spring		Winter	Spring		Winter	Spring		Winter	Spring		Winter	Spring		Winter	Spring
AZ-1	0.6 ± 0.01b	0.4 ± 0.02b	*	29.7 ± 1.2c	34.0 ± 0.4c	*	0.3 ± 0.02	0.3 ± 0.01a	ns	0.3 ± 0.03a	0.2 ± 0.01a	*	1.5 ± 0.1a	0.9 ± 0.01	ns	18.8 ± 0.4b	20.8 ± 0.2ab	ns
AZ-2	1.04 ± 0.1c	0.4 ± 0.01b	*	33.0 ± 1.3d	22.8 ± 2.5b	*	0.3 ± 0.01	0.4 ± 0.05b	ns	0.7 ± 0.1b	0.3 ± 0.01b	ns	0.6 ± 0.1a	1.5 ± 0.3	ns	26.2 ± 0.8c	22.5 ± 1.8b	ns
P803	0.4 ± 0.02a	0.2 ± 0.02a	*	18.2 ± 1.5a	18.2 ± 1.7a	ns	tr	0.2 ± 0.0a		0.2 ± 0.02a	0.1 ± 0.0a	ns	1.4 ± 0.4a	1.9 ± 0.2	ns	15.2 ± 1.4a	15.3 ± 2a	ns
11591	0.5 ± 0.04b	0.3 ± 0.01a	*	25.8 ± 0.5b	18.3 ± 0.3a	*	tr	0.3 ± 0.02b		0.5 ± 0.1b	0.2 ± 0.08a	*	1.7 ± 0.8b	1.8 ± 0.2	ns	24.3 ± 2.4c	18.2 ± 0.5ab	*
Avg.	0.5			25.0			0.3			0.3*			1.4			20.2
G × H	***			***			ns						ns			**

^[1] 3,5 DCQ: 3,5-Di-caffeoylquinic acid. In the columns of each harvest (H) time (winter and spring), means followed by the same letter are not significantly different at p ≤ 0.05. In the rows, least significant differences test indicates harvest time effect on each examined accession of Parthenium argentatum. G × H: interaction between genotype and season of harvest. ns, not significant; *** p ≤ 0.0001, ** p ≤ 0.001, * p ≤ 0.05. Tr, trace quantities.