Table 1.
Characteristics of study participants used for prediction
| Variable | No. (%) |
|---|---|
| Sociodemographic variables | |
| Gender | |
| Female* | 74 (84%) |
| Male* | 14 (16%) |
| Age, mean (SD)* | 32.48 (11.62) |
| Household structure | |
| Married* | 14 (16%) |
| Have children* | 33 (38%) |
| Level of education | |
| Primary school* | 11 (12%) |
| Secondary school* | 50 (57%) |
| University degree* | 26 (30%) |
| Doctorate | 1 (1%) |
| Occupational status | |
| Working* | 49 (56%) |
| Student* | 22 (25%) |
| Unemployed* | 13 (15%) |
| Disability pension | 1 (1%) |
| Retired | 3 (3%) |
| Clinical variables | |
| Years with BDD, mean (SD)* | 18.83 (13.27) |
| Insight | |
| Good* | 46 (52%) |
| Poor* | 34 (39%) |
| Delusional* | 8 (9%) |
| No. body areas of concern, mean (SD) | 7.67 (4.68) |
| Comorbidity | |
| Current depressive episode* | 44 (50%) |
| Panic disorder | 3 (3%) |
| Social anxiety disorder* | 25 (28%) |
| Obsessive-compulsive disorder* | 8 (9%) |
| Generalized anxiety disorder* | 15 (17%) |
| Bulimia nervosa | 9 (10%) |
| ADHD | 2 (2%) |
| Medication | |
| SSRI* | 12 (14%) |
| SNRI | 2 (2%) |
| Other antidepressant* | 7 (8%) |
| Previous treatment | |
| Cognitive behavioral therapy for BDD* | 10 (11%) |
| Other psychological treatment* | 53 (60%) |
| Previous contact with psychiatry* | 54 (61%) |
| Plastic surgery* | 21 (24%) |
| No. of plastic surgeries, mean (SD)* | 0.56 (1.30) |
| Baseline measurements | |
| CGI-Severity | |
| 2 - Borderline mentally ill | 3 (3%) |
| 3 - Mildly ill* | 13 (15%) |
| 4 - Moderately ill* | 47 (53%) |
| 5 - Markedly ill* | 21 (24%) |
| 6 - Severely ill | 3 (3%) |
| 7 - Among the most extremely ill patients | 1 (1%) |
| GAF, mean (SD)* | 56.24 (6.67) |
| BDD-YBOCS, mean (SD)* | 27.74 (5.52) |
| EQ-5D, mean (SD)* | 13.06 (3.55) |
| MADRS-S, mean (SD)* | 18.92 (9.05) |
| Treatment-related variables | |
| Treatment credibility, mean (SD)* | 31.59 (11.51) |
| Working alliance inventory, mean (SD)* | 65.27 (13.15) |
| No. modules completed, mean (SD)* | 6.25 (2.45) |
| Time spent on treatment (per week) | |
| 1 h* | 16 (18%) |
| 2 h* | 17 (19%) |
| 3 h* | 15 (17%) |
| 4 h* | 6 (7%) |
| 5 h* | 6 (7%) |
| 6 h* | 8 (9%) |
| 7 h | 3 (3%) |
| 8 h | 5 (6%) |
| 9 h or more* | 12 (14%) |
| Outcome: Number of participants in remission | |
| Post treatment | 27 (31%) |
| 3-month follow-up | 37 (42%) |
| 12-month follow-up | 41 (47%) |
| 24-month follow-up | 53 (60%) |
Abbreviations: BDD Body dysmorphic disorder, ADHD Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, SSRI Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor; SNRI Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, CGI Clinical global impression scale, GAF Global assessment of functioning, BDD-YBOCS Yale-Brown obsessive compulsive scale modified for BDD, EQ-5D EuroQol 5-dimensions, MADRS-S Montgomery-Åsberg depression rating scale-self report
*Variable was used in prediction