Table 3.

Potential risk factors of severe affective symptoms at 4-month follow-up^a

Variables	Model 1			Model 2			Model 3			Model 4
	Coefficient	95% CI	p-Valueb	Coefficientc	95% CI	p-Value	Coefficient	95% CI	p-Value	Coefficient	95% CI	p-Value
Psychosocial variables
Loneliness (ULS-8)	0.41	0.30, 0.53	< 0.001	0.37	0.24, 0.49	< 0.001	0.34	0.21, 0.47	< 0.001	0.11	−0.02, 0.24	0.10
Social network size (2 items from LSNS-6)				−0.06	− 0.32, 0.21	0.68	− 0.02	− 0.30, 0.25	0.88	− 0.06	−0.31, 0.19	0.64
Social capital (HLSSC)				−0.19	−0.40, 0.02	0.08	−0.10	− 0.32, 0.12	0.39	− 0.04	− 0.25, 0.16	0.67
Socio-demographic variables
Born in the UK							0.50	−0.89, 1.89	0.48	0.52	−0.75, 1.80	0.42
Employment
No							reference
In voluntary, protected or sheltered work							−0.95	−2.96, 1.06	0.35	−0.06	−1.92, 1.79	0.95
In regular employment							−0.70	−2.05, 0.65	0.31	−0.82	−2.06, 0.42	0.19
Living with a partner or with family							−0.72	−1.94, 0.50	0.25	−0.76	−1.88, 0.36	0.18
Psychiatric variables
Number of years since first contact with mental health services
Less than 3 months							reference
3 months – 1 year							−2.26	−4.56, 0.05	0.06	−1.98	−4.09, 0.14	0.07
1–2 years							0.44	−2.21, 3.09	0.75	0.78	−1.65, 3.21	0.53
2–10 years							0.03	−1.72, 1.78	0.97	−0.12	−1.73, 1.49	0.88
More than 10 years							−0.28	−2.14, 1.58	0.77	−0.48	−2.18, 1.23	0.58
Diagnosis
Psychosis							reference
Bipolar affective disorder/Manic episode							0.83	−0.99, 2.64	0.37	0.89	−0.78, 2.56	0.29
Depressive/Anxiety disorders							1.52	−0.06, 3.10	0.06	0.75	−0.72, 2.21	0.32
Personality disorders							3.16	1.18, 5.14	0.002	2.11	0.27, 3.95	0.03
Other disorders							0.65	−1.65, 2.96	0.58	−0.40	−2.53, 1.73	0.71
Affective symptoms at baseline (4 items from BPRS)										0.42	0.31, 0.53	< 0.001
R2adj	0.138			0.138			0.168			0.300

CI Confidence Interval, ULS-8 UCLA Loneliness Scale-8, LSNS-6 Lubben Social Network Scale-6, HLSSC Health and Lifestyles Survey Social Capital Questionnaire, BPRS Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, R²_adj adjusted-R²

^aUsing multivariable linear regression analyses with affective symptoms score at 4-month follow-up as dependent variable and factors with p < 0.25 in both Additional file 1: Tables S2 and S3 as independent variables

^bSignificant p-values printed in bold

^cNegative regression coefficient = less severe affective symptoms