Table 1.
Evolution (1992, 2005 and 2015) of the prevalence (%) and prevalence ratio (PR) for stunting and overweight by age group. Children under five years old in the state of Alagoas, Northeastern Brazil
| Age (Months) | Sample | Stunting PR (95% CI) | Δ (%) | Overweight PR (95% CI) | Δ (%) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1992 (a) | 2005 (b) | 2015 (c) | 1992 | 2005 | 2015 | 1992 | 2005 | 2015 | |||
| 0.0 –| 24.0 | 511 | 683 | 434 | 14.6 | 11.3 | 4.6 | − 68.5 | 8.1 | 8.4 | 17.1 | 111.1 |
| Ref. | 0.78 (0.57–1.05) | 0.32 (0,20-0,51)* | Ref. | 1.04 (0.70–1.54) | 2.10 (1.46–3.30)* | ||||||
| haz z score (mean ± sd) | whz z score (mean ± sd) | ||||||||||
| −0.33 ± 1.82 | −0.37 ± 1.35 | 0.16 ± 1.49† | 0.34 ± 1.24† | 0.58 ± 1.12† | 0.79 ± 1.35† | ||||||
| 24 –| 60.0 | 720 | 698 | 554 | 28.3 | 11.1 | 2.2 | −92.2 | 6.1 | 6.5 | 13.2 | 116.4 |
| Ref. | 0,39 (0,30-0,50)* | 0,08 (0,04-0,14)* | Ref. | 1.07 (0.71–1.60) | 2.17(1.51–3.11)* | ||||||
| haz z score (mean ± sd) | whz z score (mean ± sd) | ||||||||||
| −1.38 ± 1.29† | −0.56 ± 1.24† | −0.09 ± 1.08† | 0.54 ± 0.93 | 0.44 ± 1.09 | 0.53 ± 1.36 | ||||||
| TOTAL | 1.231 | 1.381 | 988 | 22.6 | 11.2 | 3.2 | −85.8 | 6.9 | 7.5 | 14.9 | 115.9 |
| Ref. | 0,49 (0,41–0.60)* | 0,14 (0,10–0.20)* | Ref. | 1.08 (0.81–1.43 | 2.15 (1.67–2.78)* | ||||||
| haz z score (mean ± sd) | whz z score (mean ± sd) | ||||||||||
| −0.94 ± 1.61† | −0.46 ± 1.30† | 0.02 ± 1.28† | 0.45 ± 1.07 | 0.51 ± 1.11 | 0.64 ± 1.36† | ||||||
Stunting: height-for-age (haz) < −2 standard deviations (sd);
Overweight: weight-for-height (whz) > 2 sd
Δ (%) = [(c-a)/a] × 100
* Statistically significant difference, according to the 95% confidence interval (95% CI)
† Statistically significant difference, according to one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc test