Fig. 1.

Bosentan ameliorates hypoxia-induced pulmonary vascular disease in mice. (a and b) Both right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) (a) and the weight ratio of right ventricle (RV) to left ventricle (LV) and interventricular septum (IVS) (b) were similarly increased in saline-treated hypoxic mice, which were significantly decreased by bosentan. n = 12–14 in each group for RVSP and n = 9–10 for the weight ratio; *P < 0.01, †P < 0.05. (c) Representative immunohistochemistry with α-SMA. Scale bar = 50 µm in upper panels and 20 µm in lower panels. (d and e) In agreement with right ventricular systolic pressure and right ventricular hypertrophy, the percentage of muscularized pulmonary vessels was increased in saline-treated hypoxic mice, which was significantly decreased by bosentan in both alveolar duct level (d) and alveolar wall level (e). n = 6–7 in each group; *P < 0.01, †P < 0.05. (f) Vascular density in the lung was significantly decreased by hypoxia, which was significantly increased by bosentan. n = 6 in each group; *P < 0.01, †P < 0.05.