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. 2020 Mar 28;9(4):416. doi: 10.3390/plants9040416

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Disease symptom development in maize plants inoculated with fungal isolates, (A) (Metarhizium anisopliae-ICIPE 69), (B) (Trichoderma atroviride-F5S21), (C) (Hypocrea lixii-F3ST1) and (D) (Trichoderma harzianum-F2L4) following artificial inoculation with Maize chlorotic mottle virus. Panel (E) represents the positive control, where untreated maize plants were challenge-inoculated with SCMV, while (F) represents the negative control, where plants were neither treated with fungal endophytes nor challenge-inoculated with SCMV. The arrows indicate the onset of symptom expression in various treatments. Challenge-inoculation with MCMV was conducted 21 days after planting.