Table 5.
Characteristics of participants identified as diabetes and prediabetes based on OGTT and HbA1c
| Variable | Newly diagnosed diabetes | Prediabetes | ||||
| By OGTT not HbA1c |
By HbA1c not OGTT |
By both | By OGTT not HbA1c |
By HbA1c not OGTT |
By both | |
| n | 317 | 955 | 496 | 793 | 1829 | 540 |
| Age (years) | 45 (35–56) | 45 (37.75–55)*** | 50 (42–60) | 44 (35–55) | 40 (31–50) | 45 (35–55) |
| Gender | ||||||
| Male | 141 (44.5%) | 399 (41.8%) | 218 (44%) | 344 (43.4%) | 725 (39.6%) | 218 (40.4%) |
| Female | 176 (55.5%) | 556 (58.2%) | 278 (56%) | 449 (56.6%) | 1104 (60.4%) | 322 (59.6%) |
| Positive family history of DM | 71 (29.5%) | 183 (23.7%) | 112 (22.6%) | 212 (30.8%) | 336 (21.5%)*** | 141 (29%) |
| Primary education or more | 127 (53.4%) | 410 (48.6%) | 182 (36.7%) | 362 (53.2%) | 801 (50.7%) | 242 (44.8%) |
| Tobacco | 39 (15.8%) | 122 (14.3%) | 68 (17.3%) | 129 (18.6%) | 212 (13%)* | 70 (14.5%) |
| Alcohol | 1 (0.4%) | 14 (1.7%) | 14 (3.8%) | 13 (2.0%) | 29 (1.9%)* | 7 (1.5%) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.58 (22.72–30.15) | 27.64 (24.38–31.25) | 27.53 (24.16–30.98) | 26.57 (23.54–30.73) | 26.71 (23.18–30.86)* | 26.48 (23.19–29.74) |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 93 (85.25–104) | 92 (84–102)* | 95 (86–102) | 91.4 (86–101) | 90 (81–99) | 93 (86–102) |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 120 (110–140) | 120 (120–135.5)*** | 127 (120–140) | 120 (110–135) | 120 (110–130) | 120 (110–134) |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 80 (80–90) | 87 (80–90)*** | 80.5 (80–90) | 85 (80–90) | 80 (80–90)* | 80 (78–90) |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 182.5 (147.5–218) | 193 (158.25–229) | 199 (159–236) | 184 (153–221.75) | 188 (153–226)** | 192 (161–231) |
| Triglyceride (mg/dL) | 150 (104–220.5) | 170.5 (117.25–249.5) | 204 (145.25–312) | 151.5 (108–222.75) | 144 (103–223)** | 161 (108–230) |
| High-density lipoprotein (mg/dL) | 28.9 (20.11–38) | 31 (22.4–40) | 29 (20.28–36.77) | 30.25 (22–39.08) | 32 (22.08–41)* | 30.5 (21.8–40) |
| Low-density lipoprotein (mg/dL) | 118 (92.67–143.41) | 121 (100.34–147.59) | 124.08 (95.1–152.8) | 119.92 (97.22–148.08) | 119.08 (96.45–145.28) | 124.5 (98.1–152.5) |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.1 (4.9–5.4) | 6.4 (5.9–8.04)*** | 7.8 (6.4–9.2) | 5 (4.79–6) | 5.3 (5.13–5.4)*** | 5.3 (5.2–5.4) |
| HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 32 (30–36 mmol/mol) | 46 (41–64 mmol/mol)*** | 62 (46–77 mmol/mol) | 31 (29–42 mmol/mol) | 34 (33–36 mmol/mol)*** | 34 (33–36 mmol/mol) |
| FBS (mg/dL) | 133 (118.5–156.75) | 88(76-100)*** | 175 (138–240) | 99 (88–110) | 85 (76–95)*** | 100 (88–110) |
| RBS (mg/dL) | 204 (166–234) | 123 (102–144)*** | 249 (204–326) | 153 (143–165) | 111 (96–126)*** | 150 (142–162) |
Data presented as median (IQR) or n (%).
Group by OGTT not HbA1c was compared with group by HbA1c not OGTT.
*P<0.05, **p<0.001, ***p<0.0001.
DM, diabetes mellitus; FBS, fasting blood sugar; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test; RBS, random blood sugar.