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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Sep 2.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Hum Behav. 2020 Mar 2;4(5):472–480. doi: 10.1038/s41562-020-0833-x

Table 3. Demographics of respondents.

ANES FTF Full Pulse sample Laptop/desktop data available Mobile data available
Candidate preference
Trump 0.32 0.33 0.34 0.27
Clinton 0.36 0.42 0.42 0.47
Other/DK/won’t vote 0.32 0.24 0.24 0.25
Age
18-29 0.21 0.19 0.16 0.27
30-44 0.22 0.25 0.22 0.34
45-59 0.29 0.28 0.30 0.25
60+ 0.28 0.28 0.32 0.13
Race
White 0.69 0.68 0.69 0.65
Black 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.11
Hispanic 0.12 0.13 0.12 0.16
Asian 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.03
Sex
Male 0.47 0.48 0.48 0.45
Female 0.51 0.52 0.52 0.55

N 1181 3251 2525 660

Respondents are participants in the 2016 American National Election Studies pre-election face-to-face study (ANES FTF) and YouGov Pulse panel members. The columns of YouGov Pulse data are not mutually exclusive — the third and fourth columns represent differing subsets of the full Pulse sample. Estimates calculated using survey weights.