Table 3. Concussion Clinical Outcomes Regression Outcomes.
No LEMSK Group | LEMSK Group | Regression Outcome | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline | Acute Concussion | Baseline | Acute Concussion | p-Value | Exp(B)(95% CI Exp B) | |
Total GSC Score (0 – 132)* | 5.4 ± 9.7 | 31.9 ± 23.6 | 2.4 ± 5.1 | 25.5 ± 15.3 | 0.738 | 0.993 (0.950 – 1.037) |
Symptoms Endorsed (0 – 22)* | 2.9 ± 4.3 | 14.2 ± 9.8 | 1.6 ± 3.1 | 10.9 ± 5.0 | 0.619 | 0.979 (0.899 – 1.066) |
SAC (0 – 30)* | 27.0 ± 1.9 | 26.0 ± 1.9 | 27.1 ± 1.8 | 26.4 ± 2.2 | 0.983 | 0.997 (0.784 – 1.268) |
BESS (0 – 60) | 15.6 ± 6.3 | 15.2 ± 5.9 | 14.5 ± 8.1 | 13.9 ± 6.1 | 0.474 | 1.032 (0.947 – 1.125 |
Verbal Memory | 85.0 ± 10.5 | 87.6 ± 13.4 | 87.6 ± 11.7 | 85.9 ± 14.2 | 0.064 | 0.957 (0.913 – 1.003) |
Visual Memory* | 76.9 ± 13.1 | 71.8 ± 13.9 | 78.1 ± 14.0 | 73.0 ± 14.1 | 0.724 | 1.006 (0.971 – 1.043) |
Motor Speed* | 41.5 ± 5.2 | 37.9 ± 7.3 | 39.8 ± 6.6 | 39.2 ± 7.1 | 0.297 | 1.068 (0.944 – 1.208) |
Reaction Time* | 0.58 ± 0.06 | 0.64 ± 0.14 | 0.58 ± 0.06 | 0.62 ± 0.10 | 0.642 | 0.994 (0.000 – 235.1) |
Clinical Reaction Time* | 208.9 ± 23.7 | 243.2 ± 71.8 | 203.0 ± 24.6 | 218.8 ± 36.8 | 0.446 | 0.994 (0.980 – 1.009) |
King Devick* | 40.8 ± 6.2 | 50.0 ± 21.3 | 40.0 ± 5.3 | 46.9 ± 14.3 | 0.792 | 1.007 (0.958 – 1.058) |
Main effect for time with the Acute Concussion time point worse (p<0.05) than baseline. There were no differences between groups (LEMSK and No-LEMSK) at either Baseline or Acute Concussion time points. None of the concussion clinical test outcomes were significant predictors of subsequent MSK.