Contribution of synaptic NMDARs and group I mGluRs to nicotine-mediated network potentiation. (a-c) Effects of NMDAR channel blocker MK-801 (before and during stimulation with nicotine) on (a) spikes, (b) bursts, and (c) spikes within bursts during a 3-minute recording. (d-f) Effects of group I mGluR antagonists MPEP (for mGluR1) and 3-MATIDA (for mGluR5) (before and during stimulation with nicotine) on (d) spikes, (e) bursts and (f) spikes within bursts during a 3-minute recording. Statistical significance was calculated by one-way ANOVA followed by a Holm-Bonferroni post-hoc correction which allows for pairwise comparisons and preserves pairing where pairing is appropriate (antagonist(s) alone vs. antagonist(s)+nicotine) (n=4 MEAs for each treatment from two independent cultures; *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001; ns = not significant). Data expressed as percent change normalized to baseline. Error bars represent SEM.