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. 2020 May 20;10:8369. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-65265-w

Table 2.

Environmental impacts, i.e. CO2 footprint and energy consumption of virgin and recycled brake pads for the entire life cycle.

Stage Material Manufacture (streamlined) Transport Use Disposal Total
CO2 (g) Recycled 149 0.23 2.93 691 2.63 845.79
Virgin 598 0.23 2.93 691 2.63 1294.79
Energy (MJ) Recycled 2.62 0.003 0.04 9.60 0.04 12.30
Virgin 9.70 0.003 0.04 9.60 0.04 19.38