Table 1.

Demographic information, location of catheter placement, placement details, and radiographic location of catheter tip in horses undergoing subarachnoid or cervical epidural catheter placement.

Horse number	Signalment	Horse position for catheter placement	Location of catheter placement	Number of attempts (needle placement)	Time taken for catheter placement (after sterile preparation)	Radiographic location of catheter tip
1	2-year, Standardbred, colt	Standing	CES	4	22	Dorsal mid C2 and double back on itself. Contrast confirmed CES placement.
2	10-year, Thoroughbred, mare	Standing	SAS	3	16	Dorsal, caudal C2. Contrast confirmed SAS placement.
3	12-year, Thoroughbred, mare	Standing	SAS	2	12	Dorsal cranial C4. Contrast confirmed SAS placement.
4	8-year, Thoroughbred, gelding	Left lateral recumbency	SAS	3 (2 standing; 1 under general anesthesia)	18	Dorsal caudal C2. Contrast confirmed SAS placement.
5	5-year, Thoroughbred, gelding	Standing	SAS	2	12	Dorsal caudal occiput. No contrast given.
6	4-year, Thoroughbred, gelding	Standing	SAS	1	14	Dorsal mid C2. Contrast confirmed SAS placement.
7	4-year, Thoroughbred, gelding	Standing	CES	1	9	Dorsal mid C2. Contrast confirmed CES or subdural placement.

SAS, subarachnoid space; CES, cervical epidural space; C2, second cervical vertebra; C3, third cervical vertebra; C4, fourth cervical vertebra.