Table 4.

Summary of the included studies

No	References	Date	Country	Type	Aim	Context	Outcome	QAT summary score
1	Bando	2017	Japan	Literature review	To review precision medicine in Japan and Europe	Oncology and precision medicine	Barriers faced in rapid implementation of precision medicine are apparent in Japan, and further effort and collaboration will be needed for Japan to take a lead in establishing precision medicine	50
2	Basu	2013	America	Quantitative	To provide a more efficient and powerful tool to perform gene-based genome-wide association study with single or multivariate traits	Bio statistics and precision medicine	The authors propose a new approach for rapid implementation for gene-based genome-wide association studies	100
3	Battaglia	2018	America	Literature Review	To discuss pragmatic models, methods, and measures in implementation	Nursing research and enhancing population health	Pragmatic dissemination and implementation approaches are needed to speed up research translation	50
4	Beck	2009	America	Mixed-method	The use of a conceptual framework for implementation and dissemination	Child Care and paediatric practice at a Health Maintenance Organization	Rapid implementation is seen through combining implementation frameworks (PRISM & RE-AIM) and augmenting components with social network analysis	Qual: 90 Quant: 100
5	Bernstein	2009	America	Quantitative	To increase the use of smokers’ quitline referral services	Smoking referral Quitline	Marked and sustained use of quitline referral services by health care providers	100
6	Birenda	2015	America	Quantitative	To provide further data to delineate the progression free survival of patients who get treated with targeted therapy in molecular profiling	Cancer	Demonstrates the potential value of molecular profiling. Continued work on rapid implementation of molecular profiling earlier in the care of oncology patients continue to be a future goal	100
7	Burkard	2017	America	Observational	Introducing a state-wide molecular tumor board	Community oncology practices	The molecular tumor board approach provides flexibility and rapid implementation by integrating clinical service, a registry, and a journal club	40
8	Churruca	2019	Australia	Multi-case analysis	Researchers and implementers working together in situ throughout an implementation project	Adapting Implementation Approaches	Embedded implementation research approaches hold promise for rapid implementation	50
9	Denomme	2008	Germany	Commentary	Dry matching to improve transfusion outcomes for widespread implementation by rapid timelines through standards of practice	Blood banks	Discusses rapid implementation of donor-recipient blood group genotype dry-matching would have on reducing the incidence of delayed transfusion reactions and its associated comorbidities	50
10	Francescatto	2015	America	Literature review	Precision medicine and speedy implementation in the clinical setting	New born screening	Discusses rapid implementation through to the possibility of having complete access to our genetic data from birth, if not shortly after conception	40
11	Gale	2019	America	Qualitative	Comparison of rapid transcription procedures	Opioid prescribing in the Veterans Health Administration	Rapid analyses is on the rise providing valid findings in a short timeframe, enabling identification of actionable recommendations	100
12	Glasgow [1]	2014	America	Literature Review	To provide lessons learned from the My Own Health Report Project	Primary care	Conducting complex studies rapidly and efficiently is a realistic goal	50
13	Glasgow [2]	2003	America	Literature Review	To discuss the efficacy-effectiveness trials	Rapid implementation within healthcare	Recommend key conceptual and methodological characteristics are offered to help close the gap	50
14	Glasgow [3]	2012	America	Literature Review	To determine what is needed for rapidly integrating science into practice	Rapid implementation within Health care	Different approaches are needed for rapid robust sustainable real world healthcare programs and policies. To produce different outcomes, we need to think and act differently	50
15	Glasgow [4]	2012	America	Literature Review	To address the gap between current knowledge and practice in the area of dissemination and implementation research	Rapid implementation within healthcare	Further advances in the field will be achieved by focusing dissemination and implementation to become more rapid	50
16	Guthrie	2014	UK	Case Study	Investigating time lags from research to practice	Public charitable investment in cancer research	Having networks in place can support rapid research translation	50
17	Keith	2017	America	Qualitative	Intervention-specific codes, and CFIR constructs to reduce and organize the data to speed up procedures and analysis	Primary care practices	Using the CFIR to guide data collection, coding, analysis, and reporting of findings supported a systematic, comprehensive, and timely understanding of barriers and facilitators to practice transformation	100
18	Kilbourne	2017	America	Literature Review	Using QUERI to support rapid implementation into clinical practice	Rapid implementation within healthcare	Shows how to rapidly translate research findings or evidence-based treatments (best practices) into clinical practice	100
19	Krier	2016	America	Literature Review	To discuss precision medicine applications, challenges and opportunities	Genomic sequencing in clinical practice	Discusses clinical innovation, rapid implementation and complicated implementation questions	50
20	Peek	2014	America	Literature Review	To discuss different approaches to make health care research more relevant and rapid	Rapid implementation within healthcare	Emerging standard of research 5 R’s	50
21	Rapport [1]	2018	Australia	Literature Review	Predicting a new approach to methods	Rapid implementation within healthcare	For rapid implementation we need new methods	50
22	Rapport [2]	2018	Australia	Literature Review	The authors aim to reveal how implementation science is presented and understood in health services to progress our knowledge	Rapid implementation within healthcare	Rapid implementation is about adaption. Implementation science models, theories, and frameworks are critiqued.	50
23	Reeves	2013	America	Literature Review	Exploring ethnography	Rapid ethnography as a method to study healthcare	Rapid ethnography reduces the time spent in observation when compared to traditional ethnography	60
24	Riley	2013	America	Literature Review	Speed up research into practice	Rapid implementation within healthcare	Proposing rapid learning systems to evaluate new and existing treatments	50

Note.  QAT = Quality Assessment Tool. Part of the inclusion criteria was not to exclude literature reviews because rapid implementation is a new area, therefore, it was decided that valuable data may be lost had these studies been excluded. However, the assessment of literature reviews meant that not all of the criteria were applicable thus lowering assessment scores for these specific studies on the QAT