Table 4.
Independent Predictors of In-Hospital Mortality Among Patients with Streptococcal IE
| Variable | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | P | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, per 1-y increment | 1.02 (1.01–1.04) | <.005 | 1.03 (1.01–1.04) | <.005 |
| Diabetes | 1.94 (1.24–3.02) | .004 | ||
| HIV infection | 5.13 (1.86–14.10) | .002 | 9.27 (2.90–29.62) | <.005 |
| Native valve predisposition | 0.58 (0.39–0.87) | .008 | ||
| PCN-susceptible streptococcus | 0.62 (0.42–0.93) | .02 | ||
| PVIE | 1.89 (1.25–2.87) | .003 | ||
| Paravalvular complication | 2.38 (1.64–3.46) | <.005 | 2.58 (1.72–3.89) | <.005 |
| CHF | 4.18 (2.89–6.04) | <.005 | 4.94 (3.36–7.27) | <.005 |
| CHF (NYHA Class III or IV) | 4.11 (2.83–5.98) | <.005 | ||
| Stroke | 4.03 (2.74–5.93) | <.005 | 4.81 (3.14–7.35) | <.005 |
| Etiology | ||||
| BHS IE | 2.49 (1.53–4.05) | <.005 | ||
| S. pneumonia | 1.85 (0.75–4.54) | .18 | ||
| Bovis group streptococci | 1.10 (0.68–1.76) | .70 | ||
| VGS (reference) | 1 | – |
Variables in the multivariate model: age per 1-year increment, diabetes, HIV infection, native valve predisposition, PVIE, paravalvular complication, CHF, stroke, and etiology. Final multivariate model: age per 1-year increment, HIV infection, PVIE, paravalvular complication, congestive heart failure, stroke (Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit, 0.869; AUC, 0.8; Clustering coefficient [Cp], 9.950).
Abbreviations: AUC, area under the curve; BHS, beta-hemolytic streptococci; CHF, congestive heart failure; CI, confidence interval; IE, infective endocarditis; OR, odds ratio; NYHA, New York Heart Association; PCN, penicillin; PVIE, prosthetic valve infective endocarditis; VGS, viridans group streptococci.