Table 2.

The kinetic parameters evaluated for the curing of pristine epoxy resin and its nanocomposites based on Friedman and KAS models at different heating rates.

Designation	Heating Rate (°C/min)	Ēα (kJ/mol)	ln(A) (1/s)	Mean (1/s)	m	Mean	n	Mean
Friedman
Epoxy	5	78.40	25.08	25.00	0.103	0.158	1.849	1.400
	10		25.18		0.173		1.309
	15		24.94		0.186		1.133
	20		24.79		0.170		1.307
Epoxy/P-HNT	5	57.72	17.02	17.08	0.908	0.511	1.763	1.788
	10		17.02		0.360		1.741
	15		17.14		0.357		1.800
	20		17.14		0.419		1.849
Epoxy/A-HNT	5	39.17	13.40	12.74	0.240	0.213	2.407	1.401
	10		12.49		0.246		0.943
	15		12.56		0.186		0.978
	20		12.49		0.181		1.277
Epoxy/F-HNT	5	43.69	12.76	12.69	0.072	0.056	1.620	1.626
	10		12.78		0.031		1.683
	15		12.63		0.045		1.623
	20		12.59		0.077		1.578
KAS
Epoxy	5	71.15	22.66	22.66	0.013	0.060	1.767	1.343
	10		22.82		0.070		1.260
	15		22.63		0.086		1.090
	20		22.51		0.070		1.257
Epoxy/P-HNT	5	56.50	16.62	16.70	0.911	0.515	1.743	1.768
	10		16.64		0.365		1.721
	15		16.76		0.362		1.780
	20		16.77		0.423		1.828
Epoxy/A-HNT	5	38.84	13.29	12.63	0.220	0.195	2.401	1.398
	10		12.39		0.227		0.941
	15		12.45		0.169		0.976
	20		12.38		0.164		1.274
Epoxy/F-HNT	5	46.27	13.61	13.50	0.036	0.062	1.664	1.671
	10		13.60		0.007		1.729
	15		13.42		0.085		1.668
	20		13.37		0.118		1.623