Table 1.

Chemical composition, physical and mechanical properties of the natural fibers studied [19,21,23,31].

Properties	Sisal	Ramie	Curauá
Density (g/cm³)	1.30	1.20	1.33
Diameter (µm)	150 ± 1	95 ± 5	46 ± 13
Tensile strength (MPa)	398.48 ± 83.70	212.32 ± 7.28	1929.8 ± 249.5
Young’s modulus (GPa)	61.99 ± 25.30	30.39 ± 10.80	87.23 ± 15.40
Elongation at break (%)	2.74 ± 0.70	2.62 ± 0.20	3.94 ± 0.60
Cellulose (wt %)	67–78	68.6–91	70.7–73.60
Hemicellulose (wt %)	10–14	5–16.60	9.9
Lignin (wt %)	8–11	0.6–0.70	7.5–11.10