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. 2020 Mar 28;8(4):40. doi: 10.3390/sports8040040

Table 2.

Single musculoskeletal traits and a musculoskeletal composite score at baseline. Data are presented as numbers (n), means (standard deviations), or mean differences with 95% confidence intervals in brackets. BC = body composition, BMC = bone mineral content, aBMD = areal bone mineral density, BA = bone area, QUS = quantitative ultrasound, PT = muscle peak torque. QUS data were missing in 5 intervention and 16 control children.

Boys Girls
Intervention (n = 63) Control (n = 26) Mean Difference Intervention (n = 34) Control (n = 17) Mean Difference
BC (kg)
Lean mass 21.8 (2.6) 22.5 (2.7) −0.6 (−1.9, 0.6) 19.8 (2.5) 20.6 (2.6) −0.8 (−2.4, 0.7)
BMC (g)
Total body less head 673.1 (144.9) 712.6 (141.8) −39.5 (−106.2, 27.2) 638.4 (143.9) 644.9 (137.8) −6.5 (−93.5, 80.5)
L1L4 19.9 (4.5) 21.2 (4.4) −1.2 (−3.3, 0.8) 19.5 (4.8) 19.2 (3.5) 0.3 (−2.3, 3.0)
Femoral neck 2.9 (0.6) 3.0 (0.4) −0.1 (−0.3, 0.2) 2.6 (0.5) 2.4 (0.3) 0.2 (−0.1, 0.5)
aBMD (g/cm2)
Total body less head 0.70 (0.05) 0.71 (0.05) −0.01 (−0.04, 0.01) 0.69 (0.05) 0.69 (0.05) 0.00 (−0.03, 0.03)
L1L4 0.67 (0.11) 0.69 (0.07) −0.02 (−0.07, 0.02) 0.69 (0.12) 0.66 (0.07) 0.03 (−0.03, 0.10)
Femoral neck 0.80 (0.10) 0.81 (0.11) −0.01 (−0.06, 0.04) 0.72 (0.10) 0.68 (0.06) 0.04 (−0.01, 0.09)
BA (cm2)
L1L4 29.6 (3.4) 30.3 (3.4) −0.8 (−2.3, 0.8) 27.8 (3.4) 29.0 (3.5) −1.2 (−3.2, 0.9)
Femoral neck 3.6 (0.4) 3.7 (0.3) −0.1 (−0.2, 0.1) 3.6 (0.3) 3.6 (0.4) 0.0 (−0.2, 0.2)
QUS
SOS (m/s) 1533.6 (23.4) 1532.6 (18.4) 1.0 (−12.0, 13.9) 1525.3 (17.5) 1522.7 (15.9) 2.6 (−9.1, 14.3)
PT (Nm)
PTflex60 23.7 (6.5) 25.9 (7.0) −2.2 (−5.3, 0.9) 21.1 (5.7) 24.5 (5.3) −3.4 (−6.7, −0.1)
PTflex180 21.5 (5.5) 24.7 (6.6) −3.2 (−5.9, −0.5) 19.1 (6.3) 22.1 (4.5) −3.1 (−6.6, 0.4)
Composite score −0.07 (0.70) 0 −0.06 (−0.40, 0.28) 0.23 (1.25) 0 0.24 (−0.33, 0.81)