Table 1.
Opioids included in the study.
| Name opioid | ATC code |
|---|---|
| Weak opioids | |
| Tramadol | N02AX02 |
| Tramadol and paracetamol combination | N02AX52 |
| Tramadol and paracetamol combination (previous N02AX52) | N02AJ13 |
| Strong opioids | |
| Tapentadol | N02AX06 |
| Morphine | N02AA01 |
| Fentanyl | N02AB03 |
| Oxycodone | N02AA05 |
| Hydromorphine | N02AA03 |
| Buprenorphine | N02AE01 |
| Other opioids | |
| Nicomorphine | N02AA04 |
| Diamorphine | N02AA09 |
| Pethidine | N02AB02 |
| Dextromoramide | N02AC01 |
| Piritramide | N02AC03 |
| Dextroproxyphene | N02AC04 |
| Pentazocine | N02AD01 |
ATC, Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification.