Figure 1.

A schematic illustration of the COVID-19 Resource Estimator decision analytic model and the cardiac disease submodule that includes catheter-based procedures (electrophysiology procedures, transcatheter aortic valve replacement [TAVR], percutaneous coronary interventions [PCIs]) and open surgical procedures (coronary artery bypass grafting, valve surgery). Increasing numbers of COVID-19 patients and a steady number of elective cardiac outpatients compete for critical care resources. The stop sign denotes potential capacity constraints for resources. The model was adapted to measure incremental change in cardiac waitlist, consumption of critical care resources throughout the pandemic, and death while awaiting procedures for the entire province of Ontario and 5 geographic health regions with the use of historic referral data, real-time procedural data, and real-time resource intensive care unit (ICU) and ward bed capacity data.