Table 8.
Pathogens commonly associated with specific environments or exposures.
Exposure/high incidence areas | Pathogen |
---|---|
Bats | Histoplasma capsulatum |
Birds | Chlamydia psittaci, Histoplasma capsulatum, Cryptococcus neoformans |
Poultry, wild birds | Avian influenza |
Rabbits, deer | Francisella tularensis |
Farm animals (esp. birthing season) | Coxiella burnetii (Q fever) |
Contaminated water sources, compost | Legionella spp. |
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia—camels | Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) |
East Asia, South America—consumption of infected crustaceans | Paragonimus westermani (lung fluke) |
Thailand, Vietnam, northern Australia—contaminated soil | Burkholderia pseudomallaei |
South-East Asia, East India, South China—immunocompromised | Talaromyces marneffei (previously Penicillium marneffei) |