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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 May 21.
Published in final edited form as: J Drug Alcohol Res. 2019 Oct 18;2019:236084.

Table 6:

Genes reported related to opioid addiction.

Gene symbol Finding Citations
ADRA1A The SNP substitution (rs486179) mutation in human ADRA1 leads to heroin addiction in humans [136]
DRD1 Mutant human DRD1 (SNP substitution [rs5326]) is associated with heroin addiction in humans (p=0.01) [136]
GABRB3 Mutant human GABRB3 (SNP substitution [rs7165224]) is associated with heroin addiction in humans (p=0.01). [136]
GAD 2 Mutant human GAD2 (SNP substitution [rs8190646]) is associated with heroin addiction in humans (p=0.01). [136]
GRIN2A Mutant human GRIN2A is associated with heroin addiction in humans [136]
GRIN3A, HTR3A Methadone, an antagonist of human GRIN3A, HTR3A protein, and mu-opioid receptor, has been approved as a treatment for opioid addiction [140]
OPRD1, OPRM1, OPRK1 Methadone, an agonist of human OPRD1 protein, has been approved as a treatment for opioid addiction [140]