Table 6:
Genes reported related to opioid addiction.
| Gene symbol | Finding | Citations |
|---|---|---|
| ADRA1A | The SNP substitution (rs486179) mutation in human ADRA1 leads to heroin addiction in humans | [136] |
| DRD1 | Mutant human DRD1 (SNP substitution [rs5326]) is associated with heroin addiction in humans (p=0.01) | [136] |
| GABRB3 | Mutant human GABRB3 (SNP substitution [rs7165224]) is associated with heroin addiction in humans (p=0.01). | [136] |
| GAD 2 | Mutant human GAD2 (SNP substitution [rs8190646]) is associated with heroin addiction in humans (p=0.01). | [136] |
| GRIN2A | Mutant human GRIN2A is associated with heroin addiction in humans | [136] |
| GRIN3A, HTR3A | Methadone, an antagonist of human GRIN3A, HTR3A protein, and mu-opioid receptor, has been approved as a treatment for opioid addiction | [140] |
| OPRD1, OPRM1, OPRK1 | Methadone, an agonist of human OPRD1 protein, has been approved as a treatment for opioid addiction | [140] |