Table 3.
Clinical parameters assessed in 51 clinically healthy cats ≥5 years old after 12 hours of fasting, classified according to their glucose concentrations. Data are given as median and IQR.
| Fasting glucose ≤6.5 mmol/L n = 23 | Fasting glucose >6.5 mmol/L n = 28 | p-value* | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 7.1 (5.5–9.6) | 7.0 (5.5–9.4) | 0.688 |
| Weight (kg) | 4.2 (3.8–5.2) | 5.5 (4.5–6.8) | 0.004 |
| BCS (1-9) | 5.0 (5.0–6.0) | 7.0 (6.0–8.0) | 0.001 |
| SDMA (0-0.69 µmol/L) | 0.44 (0.39–0.59) | 0.39 (0.39–0.54) | 0.356 |
| Creatinine (71-212 µmol/L) | 159.1 (88.4–176.8) | 150.3 (132.6–168.0) | 0.220 |
| Urea (5.7-12.2 mmol/L) | 7.7 (6.8–9.2) | 7.5 (6.7–8.5) | 0.550 |
| UsG (1.035-1060) | 1050 (1044–1053) | 1050 (1047–1052) | 0.645 |
| UPC (<0.4) | 0.17 (0.10–0.28) | 0.13 (0.08–0.19) | 0.147 |
| uaTGFβ1:Cr (pg/mg) | 6.45 (3.03–15.88) | 7.71 (4.58–10.47) | 0.983 |
| ALT activity (12-130 U/L) | 42 (35–57) | 52 (42–74) | 0.037 |
| ALKP activity (14-111 U/L) | 33 (17–40) | 29 (18–47) | 0.715 |
| Albumin (22-40 g/L) | 2.8 (2.6–3.2) | 3.2 (3.0–3.6) | 0.033 |
| Total protein (57-89 g/L) | 7.3 (7.0–7.8) | 7.5 (6.9–7.8) | 0.580 |
| Globulins (28-51 g/L) | 4.2 (3.9–4.6) | 4.3 (3.9–4.5) | 0.872 |
| Fasting glucose (4.1-8.8 mmol/L) | 5.8 (5.2–6.3) | 8.3 (7.4–10.5) | <0.005 |
| Fructosamine (175-400 μmol/L) | 235.2 (206.5–258.4) | 261.4 (249.4–282.2) | 0.007 |
| Corrected fructosamine (175-400 µmol/L) | 242 (215–263) | 254 (228–290) | 0.207 |
| Triglycerides (0.23-1.4 mmol/L) | 0.7 (0.4–0.9) | 0.9 (0.7–1.1) | 0.009 |
| Cholesterol (2.6-10.6 mmol/L) | 4.7 (3.0–5.4) | 4.1 (3.4–4.4) | 0.699 |
| Fasting insulin (5.5-58.9 pmol/L) | 20.7 (13.7–30.8) | 33.9 (21.7–64.2) | 0.073 |
| HOMA+ | 0.8 (0.5–1.4) | 2.3 (1.7–4.5) | 0.004 |
| QUICKI++ | 0.8 (0.8-0.9) | 0.6 (0.5-0.6) | 0.001 |
| Fasting I/G ratio+ | 0.7 (0.4-0.9) | 0.8 (0.4-1.4) | 0.762 |
Variables that showed a significant difference were highlighted in bold
ALT = alanine aminotransferase, ALKP = alkaline phosphatase BCS = body condition score, Fasting I/G = fasting insulin to glucose ratio, HOMA = homeostasis model assessment, QUICKI = quantitative insulin check index, SDMA = symmetric dimethylarginine, uaTGFβ1:Cr = urinary active transforming growth factor β: creatinine ratio, UPC = urine protein/creatinine ratio, USG = urinary specific gravity.
The higher the value, the lower the insulin sensitivity
The lower the value, the lower the insulin sensitivity
p values <0.05 reflect a significant difference between cats with fasting glucose ≤6.5 mmol/L and cats with fasting glucose >6.5 mmol/L
The uaTGFβ1:Cr was measured in 11 cats with fasting glucose ≤6.5 mmol/L, and 16 cats fasting glucose >6.5 mmol/L
The SDMA was measured in 22 cats with fasting glucose ≤6.5 mmol/L, and 26 cats with fasting glucose >6.5 mmol/L
Fasting insulin was measured in 17 cats with fasting glucose ≤6.5 mmol/L and 15 cats with fasting glucose >6.5 mmol/L
Fructosamine was measured in 23 cats with fasting glucose ≤6.5 mmol/L and 26 cats with fasting glucose >6.5 mmol/L.