Table 1. Patient characteristics for potential spasticity predictors.
| Category | Characteristic | Level | Overall (N = 350) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Admission | |||
| Demographics | Sex (%) | Female | 82 (23.4) |
| Male | 268 (76.6) | ||
| Age (years) (median [IQR]) | 43.0 [27.0, 57.0] | ||
| Age (years) (%) | 16–30 | 113 (32.3) | |
| 31–45 | 83 (23.7) | ||
| 46–60 | 92 (26.3) | ||
| 61–75 | 52 (14.9) | ||
| 76+ | 10 (2.9) | ||
| Household Income (%) | ≥ 20K | 210 (60.0) | |
| < 20K | 39 (11.1) | ||
| Unknown | 101 (28.9) | ||
| Education (%) | No Diploma or G.E.D | 77 (22.0) | |
| Diploma | 272 (77.7) | ||
| Unknown | 1 (0.3) | ||
| Living arrangement (%) | Alone | 84 (24.0) | |
| Not alone | 263 (75.1) | ||
| Unknown | 3 (0.9) | ||
| Trauma | GCS facility (%) | Mild | 277 (79.1) |
| Moderate | 6 (1.7) | ||
| Severe | 35 (10.0) | ||
| Unknown | 32 (9.1) | ||
| GCS field (%) | Mild | 263 (75.1) | |
| Moderate | 14 (4.0) | ||
| Severe | 31 (8.9) | ||
| Unknown | 42 (12.0) | ||
| Medical History | Cannabis use at Admission (%) | No | 304 (86.9) |
| Yes | 46 (13.1) | ||
| Comorbidities (%) | None | 261 (74.6) | |
| At least one | 88 (25.1) | ||
| Missing | 1 (0.3) | ||
| Discharge | |||
| Neurology | Motor neuro level (%) | C1–C8 | 200 (57.1) |
| T1–T12 | 94 (26.9) | ||
| L1–S5 | 39 (11.1) | ||
| C1–T12 + L1–S5 | 1 (0.3) | ||
| Unknown | 16 (4.6) | ||
| AIS (%) | A | 109 (31.1) | |
| B | 48 (13.7) | ||
| C | 38 (10.9) | ||
| D | 147 (42.0) | ||
| E | 3 (0.9) | ||
| Unknown | 5 (1.4) | ||
| AIS motor score (points) (%) | Unknown | 13 (3.7) | |
| Known | 337 (96.3) | ||
| AIS motor score (points) (median [IQR]) | 52.0 [39.0, 83.0] | ||
| AIS UEMS (points) (%) | Unknown | 7 (2.0) | |
| Known | 343 (98.0) | ||
| AIS UEMS (points) (median [IQR]) | 44.0 [28.0, 50.0] | ||
| AIS LEMS (points) (%) | Unknown | 8 (2.3) | |
| Known | 342 (97.7) | ||
| AIS LEMS (points) (median [IQR]) | 12.0 [0.0, 41.0] | ||
| Change in AIS motor score (points) (%) | Unknown | 36 (10.3) | |
| Known | 314 (89.7) | ||
| Change in AIS motor score (points) (median [IQR]) | 7.0 [0.0, 23.0] | ||
| Neurological level (%) | C1–C8 | 206 (58.9) | |
| T1–T12 | 94 (26.9) | ||
| L1–S5 | 42 (12.0) | ||
| C1–T12 + L1–S5 | 2 (0.6) | ||
| Unknown | 6 (1.7) | ||
| Course of care | Length, inpatient stay (days) (median [IQR]) | 132.0 [76.2, 212.0] | |
| Gabapentin, within 1 month (%) | No | 110 (31.4) | |
| Yes | 196 (56.0) | ||
| Unknown | 44 (12.6) | ||
| Operation (%) | No | 55 (15.7) | |
| Yes | 295 (84.3) | ||
| Rehab (%) | No | 47 (13.4) | |
| Yes | 303 (86.6) | ||
| Length, rehab (days) (median [IQR]) | 85.5 [48.0, 147.0] | ||
| Pain | Pain, activity (%) | None | 85 (24.3) |
| Mild | 94 (26.9) | ||
| Moderate | 95 (27.1) | ||
| Severe | 53 (15.1) | ||
| Unknown | 23 (6.6) | ||
| Pain, QOL (%) | None | 86 (24.6) | |
| Mild | 97 (27.7) | ||
| Moderate | 83 (23.7) | ||
| Severe | 60 (17.1) | ||
| Unknown | 24 (6.9) | ||
| Pain, sleep (%) | None | 111 (31.7) | |
| Mild | 99 (28.3) | ||
| Moderate | 69 (19.7) | ||
| Severe | 50 (14.3) | ||
| Unknown | 21 (6.0) | ||
| Spasticity | PSFS (%) | 0 | 98 (28.0) |
| 1 | 108 (30.9) | ||
| 2 | 56 (16.0) | ||
| 3 | 57 (16.3) | ||
| 4 | 18 (5.1) | ||
| Unknown | 13 (3.7) | ||
| Discharge anti-spasticity medication (%) | No | 231 (66.0) | |
| Yes | 119 (34.0) | ||
UEMS, upper extremity motor score; LEMS, lower extremity motor score.