TABLE 1. Sample characteristics and RT-PCR results for SARS-CoV-2 in breast milk.
Author |
N |
Maternal |
Delivery |
Neonate |
Breast milk |
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) |
Presentation at admission |
Chest imaging |
Outcome |
Gestational age at delivery (weeks) |
Type of delivery |
Gender |
Birth weight (g) |
Major complications |
RT-PCR |
Analysis |
RT-PCR |
||
Chen, 2020 8 |
1 -6 |
Minimum 26, maximum 34 |
Fever (6/6), cough (2/6), dyspnea (1/6), and diarrhea (1/6) |
Evidence of pneumonia |
Survived |
Minimum 36, maximum 39 |
Cesarean section |
? |
Minimum 1880, maximum 3730 |
No |
Negative (URT and placental tissues) |
DO |
Negative |
Dong, 2020 9 |
7 |
29 |
Fever, nasal congestion, and shortness of breath |
Evidence of pneumonia |
Survived |
34 |
Cesarean section |
Female |
3120 |
No |
Negative (URT) |
Day 6 after delivery |
Negative |
Fan, 2020 10 |
8 |
34 |
Fever and nasal congestion |
Evidence of pneumonia |
Survived |
37 |
Cesarean section |
Female |
3400 |
No |
Negative (URT and placental tissues) |
DO |
Negative |
|
9 |
29 |
Fever, cough, and nasal congestion |
Evidence of pneumonia |
Survived |
36 |
Cesarean section |
Female |
2890 |
No |
Negative (URT and placental tissues) |
DO |
Negative |
Li, 2020 11 |
10 |
30 |
Cough and shortness of breath |
Evidence of pneumonia |
Survived |
35 |
Cesarean section |
Male |
? |
No |
Negative (URT and placental tissues) |
DO |
Negative |
Liu, 2020 12 |
11 |
34 |
Fever |
Evidence of pneumonia |
Survived |
40 |
Cesarean section |
Male |
3250 |
MSAF |
Negative (URT and placental tissues) |
DO and days 1 and 10 after delivery |
Negative |
|
12 |
30 |
Cough |
Evidence of pneumonia |
Survived |
39 |
Vaginal |
Male |
3670 |
No |
Negative (URT) |
Day 2 after delivery |
Negative |
Wang, 2020 13 |
13 |
34 |
Fever |
Evidence of pneumonia |
Survived |
40 |
Cesarean section |
Male |
3205 |
MSAF |
Negative (URT and placental tissues) |
Days 1 and 3 after delivery |
Negative |
Xiong, 2020 14 |
14 |
25 |
Fever and cough |
Evidence of pneumonia |
Survived |
38 |
Vaginal |
Male |
3070 |
No |
Negative (URT and placental tissues) |
DO |
Negative |
Liu, 2020 15 |
15-24 |
Minimum 26, maximum 38 |
Fever (7/10), cough (4/10), and diarrhea (1/10) |
Evidence of pneumonia |
Survived |
Minimum 35, maximum 41 |
Cesarean section |
? |
Minimum 2500, maximum 3670 |
No |
Negative (URT and placental tissues) |
DO |
Negative |
URT, Upper Respiratory Tract. MSAF, Meconium Stained Amniotic Fluid.
DO, delivery day or after first lactation.