Table 2. Characteristics of existing no-fault compensation programmes for vaccine injuries.
| VICP element | Programme attribute | Number of countries (N = 23 programmes*) |
|---|---|---|
| Admin | Central Government only | 15 (65%) |
| Provincial Government | 3 (13%) | |
| Insurance sector | 2 (9%) | |
| Combination of the above | 3 (13%) | |
| Funding source | Government only | 15 (65%) |
| Other sources** | 8 (35%) | |
| Eligibility: vaccines | Registered/recommended vaccines | 13 (57%) |
| Mandatory vaccines | 5 (22%) | |
| Based on diseases listed in legislation | 2 (9%) | |
| Non-NIP vaccines*** | 1 (4%) | |
| No information | 2 (9%) | |
| Eligibility: injured party | All injured by a vaccine administered within jurisdiction | 15 (65%) |
| Country citizens only | 3 (13%) | |
| Province residents only | 4 (17%) | |
| No information | 1 (4%) | |
| Process and decision making | Purely administrative process | 18 (78%) |
| Combination of administrative and civil litigation processes | 5 (22%) | |
| Standard of proof | Causal association to vaccination | 16 (69%) |
| As determined by a group of experts | 5 (22%) | |
| No information | 2 (9%) | |
| Compensation | Standardized compensation | 10 (44%) |
| Case by case basis | 12 (52%) | |
| No information | 1 (4%) | |
| litigation rights | Vaccine injury compensation scheme alone | 6 (26%) |
| Both vaccine compensation schemes and tort law or civil claims are allowed◊ | 15 (65%) | |
| No information | 2 (9%) |
*22 jurisdictions evaluated with 2 programmes from Japan resulting in 23 programmes evaluated.
** Other sources include: Pharmaceutical company contribution i.e. the USA, China for non-NIP vaccine injuries, Japan for non-NIP injuries; Insurance: Finland, Norway, and Sweden have special insurance funds where all pharmaceutical companies in their jurisdiction contribute towards. France complements Gov. funding with national health insurance, Latvia has treatment risk fund.
***China, Republic of Korea, Japan—separate system for non-NIP vaccines (detailed information available only for Japan).
◊ Limited in some jurisdiction i.e. USA