Table 2.
Demographic and phenotypic features at time of diagnosis with paediatric-onset Crohn’s disease. Comparisons are made between younger [A1a] and older [A1b] children as defined by Paris classification and between those with arbitrarily designated very-early-onset IBD [VEO-IBD] and others in A1a cohort.
| Overall cohort A1 [2 to <17y] [n = 698] | A1a <10y [n = 117] | A1b [10 to <17y] [n = 581] | p-value [A1a vs A1b] | VEO-IBD [<6y] [n = 19] | >6 to <10y [n = 98] | p-value [<6y vs 6-10y] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age in yearsa | 12.9 [10.9, 14.8] | 8.4 [7.1, 9.2] | 13.7 [11.9, 15.1] | <0.001 | 4.9 [3.8, 5.3] | 8.8 [7.7, 9.3] | <0.001 |
| Gender [% male] | 59% | 61% | 59% | 0.60 | 58% | 61% | 0.79 |
| Disease activity as presentation | |||||||
| wPCDAIa | 55 [35,75] | 50 [30,72] | 55 [35,75] | 0.43 | 53 [36,67] | 50 [30,73] | 0.75 |
| PGA mild | 26% | 33% | 24% | 0.61 | 28% | 34% | 0.24 |
| PGA moderate | 44% | 44% | 44% | 61% | 41% | ||
| PGA severe | 30% | 23% | 32% | 11% | 25% | ||
| Disease location | |||||||
| L1 | 20% | 12%* | 21% | 0.002 | 6% | 13% | 0.25 |
| L2 | 23% | 36%* | 20% | 53% | 33% | ||
| L3 | 57% | 52% | 56% | 41% | 54% | ||
| Any L4ab/L4bb | 27% | 33% | 26% | 0.18 | Unknownc | 33% | - |
| Perianal fistulising disease | 16% | 12% | 17% | 0.08 | 6% | 13% | 0.69 |
| Disease behaviour | |||||||
| Inflammatory [B1] | 87% | 96% | 85% | 0.001 | 94% | 97% | 0.58 |
| Stricturing [B2] | 9% | 3% | 11% | 6% | 2% | ||
| Penetrating [B3] | 1% | 0% | 3% | 0% | 1% | ||
| Stricturing and penetrating [B2B3] | 3% | 1% | 1% | 0% | 0% | ||
| Endoscopic severityd | |||||||
| Mild [SES-CD 3–6] | 22% | 24% | 21% | 0.75 | 23% | 24% | 0.48 |
| Moderate [SES-CD 7–15] | 35% | 33% | 36% | 46% | 30% | ||
| Severe [SES-CD ≥ 16] | 43% | 43% | 43% | 31% | 46% | ||
| Linear growth at presentation | |||||||
| Height z score [mean ± SD] | -0.3 ± 1.23 | -0.04 ± 1.03 | -0.28 ± 1.27 | 0.32 | -0.15 ± 0.87 | -0.44 ± 1.05 | 0.27 |
| Initial induction therapy | |||||||
| EEN | 35% | 30% | 36% | 0.27 | 21% | 32% | 0.36 |
| Corticosteroids | 31% | 37% | 30% | 0.14 | 42% | 35% | 0.60 |
| Anti-TNFα | 13% | 9% | 14% | 0.06 | 5% | 9% | 0.58 |
| 5-ASA/SASP | 10% | 14% | 9% | 0.12 | 26% | 12% | 0.05 |
| Other | 11% | 10% | 11% | 0.89 | 6% | 12% | 0.43 |
wPCDAI, Weighted Paediatric Crohn’s Disease Activity Index; PGA, Physician’s Global Assessment; SES-CD, Simplified Endoscopic Severity Score for CD; SD, standard deviation; EEN, exclusive enteral nutrition; anti-TNFα, anti-tumour necrosis factor alpha; 5-ASA/SASP,5-aminosalicylic acid or sulphasalazine; MRE, magnetic resonance enterography..
aValues are presented as median [interquartile range].
b11% of CD cohort did not undergo MRE; small bowel disease proximal to distal ileum [L4b] therefore not evaluated.
cMRE not performed among any children aged <6 years.
dSES-CD data missing in 4%.