Table 3.

Changes in markers of bone and mineral metabolism after two weeks of consuming the additive enhanced (experimental) diet.

	Baseline	+7 days	+14 days	P value*
Markers of Mineral Metabolism
Phosphorus (mg/dL)	3.95 ± 0.52	3.99 ± 0.63	3.65 ± 0.46†	0.002
Calcium (mg/dL)	9.17 ± 0.31	9.31 ± 0.27†	9.19 ± 0.31	0.02
FGF23 (RU/ml)	74.1 (64.2, 85.5)	81.6 (70.7, 94.2)	80.4 (69.7, 92.8)	0.44
PTH (pg/ml)	38.4 ± 11.6	40.3 ± 13.3	39.8 ± 12.0	0.62
Markers on Bone Metabolism
P1NP (μg/L)	62.9 ± 25.9	--	62.1 ± 23.9	0.70
CTX (ng/ml)	0.52 ± 0.27	--	0.51 ± 0.28	0.35
Osteocalcin (ng/ml)	18.5 ± 8.8	--	17.5 ± 8.0	0.81
Osteopontin (ng/ml)	33.0 ± 12.0	--	35.4 ± 13.6	0.28

Values are presented as arithmetic mean ± standard deviation or geometric mean (95 confidence interval). FGF23; fibroblast growth factor 23; PTH, intact parathyroid hormone; CTX, C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen; P1NP, procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide

^*P for time indicating the statistical significance of changes in outcome variables over time

^†P<0.05 when compared to baseline values