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. 2020 Mar 16;14(6):1561–1570. doi: 10.1038/s41396-020-0627-1

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© The Author(s) 2020

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Fig. 1 — Shown are the oxidation of fructose to acetate in the oxidative branch (left) and the reduction of CO₂ to acetate (right) in the reductive branch (WLP). Redox balancing is achieved by a third module, in which the Rnf complex and the electron-bifurcating hydrogenase produce the reductants required for the the WLP. Fd, ferredoxin; Fd²⁻, reduced ferredoxin; THF, tetrahydrofolate; HDCR, hydrogen-dependent CO₂ reductase; CODH/ACS, carbon monoxide dehydrogenase/acetyl-CoA synthetase; Co-FeS-P, corronoid iron-sulfur protein.