Table 2.
Comparison of baseline characteristics by improvement category at 1 year
| Improvement in 2 frailty metrics (n = 9) | Improvement in 1 frailty metrics (n = 8) | No improvement in frailty metrics (n = 34) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 87.0 ± 5.8 | 89.8 ± 4.7 | 84.5 ± 5.9 | 0.055 |
| CAD | 7 (77.8%) | 7 (87.5%) | 15 (44.1%) | 0.024 |
| Previous CABG | 5 (55.6%) | 5 (62.5%) | 7 (20.6%) | 0.028 |
| Diabetes | 2 (22.2%) | 1 (12.5%) | 6 (17.6%) | 0.872 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 3 (33.3%) | 1 (12.5%) | 11 (32.4%) | 0.499 |
| Previous valvular surgery | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 3 (8.8%) | 0.440 |
| Baseline overall well-being (%) | 87.0 ± 5.2 | 89.8 ± 4.7 | 84.5 ± 5.9 | 0.169 |
| Baseline Katz ADL index | 5.6 ± 1.0 | 6.0 ± 0.0 | 5.9 ± 0.4 | 0.155 |
| Baseline total MLHFQ score | 34.0 ± 14.8 | 32.4 ± 13.6 | 23.8 ± 15.3 | 0.196 |
| Baseline grip (kg) | 19.7 ± 9.6 | 24.6 ± 7.3 | 24.8 ± 7.9 | 0.251 |
| 10MWT (s) | 7.9 ± 2.5 | 7.8 ± 2.5 | 6.0 ± 1.3 | 0.009 |
Higher ADL score is interpreted as higher function, and higher MLHFQ scores are interpreted as higher burden.
10MWT, 10-m walk test; ADL, activities of daily living; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; CAD, coronary artery Disease; MLHFQ, Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire.