Figure 3.

Mortality and cancer outcomes by commute mode, 1991–2016, stratified by Office for National Statistics socioeconomic classification of occupation

Data obtained from the Office for National Statistics Longitudinal Study of England and Wales. Number of events and adjusted and unadjusted hazard ratios (95% CIs) are in the appendix (p 12). Hazard ratios are for usual commute modes compared with a reference category of private motorised vehicle commuting. Model adjusted for age, sex, housing tenure, marital status, ethnicity, university education, car access, population density, Office for National Statistics socioeconomic classification of occupation, Carstairs index quintile, long-term illness, and year entered study.