Table 1.
Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of the intention-to-treat population (n=368)
| Standardised medical care (n=182) | CBT plus standardised medical care (n=186) | Total (n=368) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | ||||
| Mean (SD) | 37·7 (14·5) | 37·3 (14·2) | 37·5 (14·3) | |
| Median (IQR; range) | 35 (25–49; 18–77) | 35 (25– 47; 18–78) | 35 (25–48; 18–78) | |
| Gender* | ||||
| Female | 126 (69%) | 140 (75%) | 266 (72%) | |
| Male | 56 (31%) | 46 (25%) | 102 (28%) | |
| Ethnicity* | ||||
| White | 163 (90%) | 167 (90%) | 330 (90%) | |
| Asian | 4 (2%) | 2 (1%) | 6 (2%) | |
| Black | 1 (1%) | 5 (3%) | 6 (2%) | |
| Mixed | 9 (5%) | 8 (4%) | 17 (5%) | |
| Other | 5 (3%) | 4 (2%) | 9 (2%) | |
| Relationship status | ||||
| Single, separated, or widowed | 85 (47%) | 88 (47%) | 173 (47%) | |
| Married or living with partner | 97 (53%) | 98 (53%) | 195 (53%) | |
| Living with others | 158 (87%) | 158 (85%) | 316 (86%) | |
| Has dependants | 57 (31%) | 64 (34%) | 121 (33%) | |
| Has a carer | 69 (38%) | 80 (43%) | 149 (40%) | |
| Qualifications† | ||||
| None | 21/181 (12%) | 22/186 (12%) | 43/367 (12%) | |
| Secondary | 41/181 (23%) | 48/186 (26%) | 89/367 (24%) | |
| Vocational | 66/181 (36%) | 54/186 (29%) | 120/367 (33%) | |
| Further (A-level or equivalent) | 28/181 (15%) | 28/186 (15%) | 56/367 (15%) | |
| Higher (BSc or equivalent and higher) | 25/181 (14%) | 34/186 (18%) | 59/367 (16%) | |
| Currently employed or in education* | 58/180 (32%) | 65/185 (35%) | 123/365 (34%) | |
| Receiving disability benefits if working age (<65 years)* | ||||
| Yes (unemployed) | 86/115 (75%) | 79/118 (67%) | 165/233 (71%) | |
| Yes (employed) | 13/58 (22%) | 5/52 (10%) | 18/110 (16%) | |
| Dissociative seizures diagnosed by EEG and video* | 94 (52%) | 101 (54%) | 195 (53%) | |
| Age at first dissociative seizure, years*‡ | ||||
| Mean (SD) | 30·9 (14·6) | 31·0 (13·5) | 30·9 (14·1) | |
| Median (IQR; range) | 29 (19–42; 5–76) | 29 (19–41·5; 1–67) | 29 (19–42; 1–76) | |
| Duration of dissociative seizure symptoms, years*‡ | ||||
| Mean (SD) | 6·5 (9·7) | 5·9 (7·8) | 6·2 (8·8) | |
| Median (IQR; range) | 3 (1–8; 0–65) | 3 (1–7·5; 0–44) | 3 (1–8; 0–65) | |
| Predominant dissociative seizure type* | ||||
| Hypokinetic | 60/181 (33%) | 70/185 (38%) | 130/366 (36%) | |
| Hyperkinetic | 121/181 (67%) | 115/185 (62%) | 236/366 (64%) | |
| Mean belief in diagnosis score (SD; range)*§ | 8·0 (2·2; 0–10) | 8·0 (2·2; 0–10) | 8·0 (2·2; 0–10) | |
| Previous diagnosis of epilepsy (patient reported) | 52 (29%) | 49 (26%) | 101 (27%) | |
| Previous diagnosis of epilepsy* (doctor reported) | 53 (29%) | 36 (19%) | 89 (24%) | |
| Currently prescribed any anti-epileptic drugs (patient reported) | 36 (20%) | 40 (22%) | 76 (21%) | |
| Ever sought medical help for a mental health problem | 116 (64%) | 125 (67%) | 241 (65%) | |
| Comorbid medical conditions | 131/181 (72%) | 130/184 (71%) | 261/365 (72%) | |
| Screening tool for maladaptive personality traits (SAPAS-SR) | ||||
| Mean (SD; range) | 4·0 (2·0; 0–8) | 3·9 (1·9; 0–8) | 3·9 (2·0; 0–8) | |
| Patients with ≥4 traits | 108/181 (60%) | 103/182 (57%) | 211/363 (58%) | |
| Any current DSM-IV diagnosis¶ | 125 (69%) | 130 (70%) | 255 (69%) | |
| Any previous DSM-IV diagnosis¶ | 112 (62%) | 135 (73%) | 247 (67%) | |
Data are n (%) or n/N (%), unless otherwise specified. CBT=cognitive behavioural therapy. EEG=electroencephalogram. SAPAS-SR=Standardised Assessment of Personality Abbreviated Scale Self Report.
*
Recorded after consent was obtained for the 3-month screening period.
†
Qualifications based on UK educational system.
‡
Data available for 181 patients in the standardised medical care group and 184 patients in the CBT plus standardised medical care group.
§
Data available for 181 patients in the standardised medical care group and 185 patients in the CBT plus standardised medical care group.
¶
Based on the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview.