Table 3.
Logistic Regressions With Quartile-Based Risk Perceptions as Predictors
| Predictor variable | (1) Washed hands | (2) Avoided public spaces or crowds | (3) Avoided high-risk individuals | (4) Canceled or postponed travel |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Perceived COVID-19 infection risk (1‒4) | 1.45 (1.33, 1.58)*** | 1.24 (1.17, 1.30)*** | 1.15 (1.09, 1.21)*** | 1.12 (1.06, 1.18)*** |
| Perceived COVID-19 infection fatality risk (1‒4) | 0.97 (0.90, 1.05) | 1.19 (1.13, 1.26)*** | 1.10 (1.05, 1.16)*** | 1.16 (1.10, 1.22)*** |
| Later responder (yes=1; no=0) | 2.02 (1.70, 2.39)*** | 3.33 (3.00, 3.71)*** | 2.81 (2.54, 3.12)*** | 3.01 (2.70, 3.36)*** |
| At-risk age group (yes=1; no=0) | 1.25 (1.02, 1.53) | 1.16 (1.02, 1.33)* | 1.07 (0.94, 1.22) | 0.93 (0.81, 1.07) |
| Male (yes=1; no=0) | 0.49 (0.42, 0.58)*** | 0.86 (0.77, 0.95)** | 0.83 (0.74, 0.92)*** | 0.89 (0.80, 0.99)* |
| African American (yes=1; no=0) | 2.04 (1.52, 2.73)*** | 1.44 (1.21, 1.70)*** | 1.70 (1.43, 2.02)*** | 2.15 (1.81, 2.55)*** |
| Hispanic/Latinx (yes=1; no=0) | 1.98 (1.51, 2.58)*** | 1.83 (1.57, 2.13)*** | 1.56 (1.35, 1.81)*** | 1.94 (1.68, 2.25)*** |
| Other minority (yes=1; no=0) | 1.28 (0.94, 1.74) | 2.07 (1.69, 2.52)*** | 1.97 (1.62, 2.40)*** | 2.20 (1.82, 2.65)*** |
| Below-median income (yes=1; no=0) | 0.70 (0.58, 0.83)*** | 1.14 (1.01, 1.28)* | 1.02 (0.91, 1.15) | 0.99 (0.88, 1.11) |
| College degree (yes=1; no=0) | 1.34 (1.10, 1.62)** | 1.43 (1.27, 1.62)*** | 1.05 (0.93, 1.18) | 1.63 (1.44, 1.84)*** |
| Live in worst-hit state (yes=1; no=0) | 1.35 (1.09, 1.67)*** | 1.18 (1.04, 1.34)* | 1.18 (1.04, 1.34)** | 1.33 (1.17, 1.51)*** |
| Later responder X perceived COVID-19 infection risk | 1.40 (1.18, 1.67)*** | 1.19 (1.07, 1.31)*** | 1.13 (1.03, 1.25)*** | 1.06 (0.96, 1.18) |
| Later responder X perceived COVID-19 infection fatality risk | 0.83 (0.71, 0.97)* | 0.92 (0.83, 1.02) | 1.01 (0.91, 1.11) | 1.04 (0.94, 1.15) |
Note: n=6,684. Boldface indicates statistical significance (***p<0.001; **p<0.01; *p<0.05). Later responders completed the survey on March 13‒31, 2020 and earlier responders on March 10‒12, 2020. At-risk age group was aged 65 years or older. Median income was $50,000–$59,999. Worst-hit states were California, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, and Washington. Interactions were added to the reported main effects in a separate model. Logistic regressions used post-stratification weights. Table 4 shows analogous models with continuous risk perceptions. Table 5 provides associated Pearson correlations.
COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019.