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. 2020 Apr 17;63(4):1254–1269. doi: 10.1044/2020_JSLHR-19-00315

Table 3.

Zero and nonzero response for expressive predicate words and closed-class words by group.

Variable Response CI
(n = 48)
NH
(n = 48)
Total
(n = 96)
Chi-square tests and p values
Predicate words Zero 11 (23%) 21 (44%) 32 (33%) χ2(1, n = 96) = 4.69, p = .030
Nonzero 37 (77%) 27 (56%) 64 (67%)
Closed-class words Zero 8 (17%) 28 (58%) 36 (38%) χ2(1, n = 96) = 17.78, p < .001
Nonzero 40 (83%) 20 (42%) 60 (63%)

Note. CI = cochlear implant; NH = normal hearing.