. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 May 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2020 May;41(4):308–315. doi: 10.1097/DBP.0000000000000758

Table 2.

Unadjusted rates of minor motor abnormalities, by most severe abnormality on cranial ultrasound

	Highest degree of abnormality on CUS

	No abnormalities (N=1,502)	Unilateral or bilateral grade I IVH (N=174)	Unilateral or bilateral grade II IVH (N=157)	Unilateral or bilateral grade III/IV IVH (N=212)	Ventriculo-megaly (N=92)	Unilateral or bilateral cystic PVL or porencephalic cyst (N=169)	Test for linear trend

	N (%)	N (%)	N (%)	N (%)	N (%)	N (%)	p-value
Minor motor function abnormalities
Any minor motor finding	732 (49)	79 (45)	84 (54)	127 (60)^*	59 (64)^*	113 (67)^*	<0.001
GMFCS level 1	62 (4)	6 (3)	10 (6)	26 (12)^*	14 (15)^*	22 (13)^*	<0.001
Bayley-3 minor motor delay^#	629 (42)	53 (33)^*	66 (42)	92 (43)	48 (52)	76 (45)	0.145
Fine motor scaled score (mean ± SD)	8.9 (2.7)	9.0 (3.0)^*	8.3 (3.1)	7.7 (3.1)	8.2 (2.9)^*	7.2 (3.4)^*	0.036
Gross motor scaled score (mean ± SD)	7.9 (2.5)	7.6 (2.6)	7.1 (2.7)^*	6.4 (3.3)^*	6.7 (2.9)^*	5.2 (3.4)^*	0.004
Axial tone	49 (3)	7 (4)	14 (9)^*	21 (10)^*	11 (12)^*	29 (17)^*	<0.001
Gait/lower extremity function	172 (11)	30 (17)^*	18 (11)	27 (13)	12 (13)	34 (20)^*	0.009
Upper extremity function	37 (2)	12 (7)^*	10 (6)^*	22 (10)^*	5 (5)	46 (27)^*	<0.001
Any major motor function abnormality	204 (14)	30 (17)	30 (19)	76 (36)^*	33 (36)^*	99 (59)*	<0.001

p-value <0.05 as compared to infants with no abnormalities (column 1), based on chi-square tests for categorical variables and t-tests for continuous variables.

Any og motor composite score 71–85, fine motor scaled score 5–7 or gross motor scaled score 5–7.