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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 May 22.
Published in final edited form as: Sci Total Environ. 2020 Jan 25;715:136944. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136944

Table 3.

Toxicological data for organic chemicals detected in the discharge stream.

Chemical species Highest conc. Observed (μ g/L) SL/MCL (μg/L)b RfDc (mg/kg-day) Evidence for toxicityd Carcinogenic evaluation CCLg
IARCe EPAf
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene 6.45 56/– 0.01 RT, CT, SCT, DT, AT - - 1,2
1,2-Dichloroethane 0.56 0.17/5 0.006 RT, CT, SCT, AT, NT 2B B2 -
1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene 1.07 60/– 0.01 RT, CT, SCT, DT, AT, NT - - -
1-Methylnaphthalene 6.92 1.1/– 0.07 RT, CT, SCT, AT, NT - - -
2,4-Dimethylphenol 6.57 360/– 0.02 RT, CT, SCT, AT - - -
2-Butanone 13.4 5600/– 0.6 RT, CT, SCT, AT - - -
2-Butoxyethanol 1.28 2000/– 0.1 RT, CT, SCT, DT, AT, SAT 3 - -
2-Methylnaphthalene 5.96 36/– 0.004 RT, CT, SCT, AT, NT - - -
2-Methylphenol 2.41 930/– 0.05 RT, CT, SCT, DT, AT - C 1,2
4-Methyl-2-pentanone 0.93 6300/– - RT, CT, SCT, AT 2B - -
Acetone 49.8 14,000/– 0.9 RT, CT, SCT, AT - - -
Benzene 14.6 0.46/5 0.004 RT, CT, SCT, AT 1 A -
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 5.13a 5.6/6 0.02 RT, CT, SCT, DT, AT, SAT 2B B2 -
Carbazole 3.03 –/– - CT, SCT, AT 2B - -
Carbon disulfide 50.9a 810/– 0.1 RT, CT, SCT, AT - - -
Diesel range organics 1555 –/– - - - - -
Ethylbenzene 6.6 1.5/700 0.1 RT, CT, SCT, AT, SAT, NT 2B D -
Isopropylbenzene 0.63 450/– 0.1 CT, SCT, DT, AT 2B D -
Methyl Acrylate 0.92 42/– - CT, SCT, AT 2B D -
Naphthalene 11.4 0.17/– 0.02 RT, CT, SCT, DT, AT, SAT 2B C 1
Nonylphenol Ethoxylates 12h - - RT, CT, SCT, AT - - -
n-Propylbenzene 0.8 660/- 0.1 CT, SCT, AT, NT - - 3,4
Phenanthrene 1.34 –/– - RT, CT, SCT, AT 3 D -
Phenol 1.03 5800/– 0.3 RT, CT, SCT, DT, AT, NT 3 - -
Polyethylene Glycols 9h - - CT, SCT, AT - - -
Polypropylene Glycols 9h - - CT, SCT, AT - - -
Toluene 6.49 1100/1000 0.08 RT, CT, SCT, AT, NT 3 - -
TPH as Gasoline 155.5 –/– - - - - -
Xylenes 20.35 190/10,000 0.2 RT, CT, SCT, AT 3 − −
a

Maximum concentration was observed at a sampling site other than the discharge.

b

Screening level (SL) for tap water and maximum contaminant level (MCL). SLs are reported with Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) = 1 (Williams et al., 2017).

c

RfDo = Reference Dose for Oral Exposure (Williams et al., 2017).

d

Evidence for toxicity obtained from EPA CompTox, (RT = reproductive toxicology; CT = chronic toxicology; SCT = subchronic toxicology; DT = developmental toxicology; AT = acute toxicology; SAT = subacute toxicology; NT = nuerotoxicology) (Williams et al., 2017).

e

IARC = International Agency for Research on Cancer (1 = carcinogenic to humans; 2A = probably carcinogenic to humans; 2B = possibly carcinogenic to humans; 3 = not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans; 4 = probably not carcinogenic to humans).

f

EPA (A = carcinogenic to humans; B = probably carcinogenic to humans; C = Possibly carcinogenic to humans; D = not classifiable as to human carcinogenicity; E = evidence of noncarcinogenicity).

g

CCL = Contaminant Candidate List. Estimated concentrations.