Table 4.
Toxicological data for inorganic chemicals detected in the discharge stream.
| Chemical species | Highestconc. observed (μg/L) (location)a | MCLb (μg/L) | RFDd (mg/kg-day) | Evidence for toxicitye | Carcinogenic evaluation | CCLh | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IARCf | EPAg | ||||||
| Aluminum | 1860 (D2.1) | 50c | 1 | RT, CT, SCT, AT | - | - | 1,2 |
| Ammonia as N | 364.5 | - | - | RT, CT, SCT, AT | - | - | - |
| Antimony | 0.5 (D2.1) | 6 | 0.0004 | CT, SCT, AT | - | - | - |
| Arsenic | 3.6 (D3.8) | 10 | 0.0003 | RT, CT, SCT, AT | 1 | A | - |
| Barium | 140 | 2000 | 0.2 | CT, SCT, AT | - | D, E | - |
| Boron | 1310 (D15) | - | 0.2 | RT, CT, SCT, AT, SAT | - | - | 1,2 |
| Cadmium | 0.2 (D2.1) | 5 | 0.0005 | RT, CT, SCT, AT | 1 | B1 | - |
| Calcium | 75,700 (D15) | - | - | CT, SCT, AT | - | - | - |
| Chloride | 251,000 (D15) | 250,000c | - | CT, SCT, AT | - | - | - |
| Fluoride | 2910 (D2.1) | 2000c | 0.04 | CT, SCT, AT | 3 | - | - |
| Iron | 2620 (d2.1) | 300c | 0.7 | CT, SCT, AT | - | - | - |
| Lead | 3.2 (D2.1) | 15 | - | RT, CT, SCT, AT | 2B, 2A | B2 | - |
| Magnesium | 51,800 (D15) | - | - | CT, SCT, AT | - | - | - |
| Manganese | 229 (D3.8) | 50c | 0.14 | RT, CT, SCT, AT | - | D | 1,4 |
| Molybdenum | 84.9 (P34.4) | - | 0.005 | CT, SCT, AT | - | - | 3,4 |
| Potassium | 30,300 (D15) | - | - | CT, SCT, AT | - | - | - |
| Selenium | 12.8 (D15) | 50 | 0.005 | CT, SCT, AT | 3 | D | - |
| Silica | 39,900 (D2.1) | - | - | RT, CT, SCT, DT, AT, SAT | 1,3 | - | - |
| Sodium | 454,000 (D15) | - | - | RT, CT, SCT, AT | - | - | 1 |
| Strontium | 4805 | - | 0.6 | CT, SCT, AT | - | - | 3 |
| Sulfate | 939,000 (D15) | 250,000c | - | CT, SCT, AT | - | - | 1 |
| Total dissolved solids | 500,000 | - | - | - | - | ||
| Uranium | 5.2 (P61.3) | 30 | - | CT, SCT, AT | - | - | - |
| Vanadium | 24.3 (D15) | - | 0.005 | CT, SCT, AT | - | - | 1,2,3,4 |
| Zinc | 67.3 (P34.4) | 5000c | 0.3 | RT, CT, SCT, AT | - | - | - |
| Radium-226 & Radium-228 | 0.503 Bq/L | 0.185 Bq/L | CT | 1 | − | − | |
Location if other than discharge.
Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) (Williams et al., 2017).
National Secondary Drinking Water Regulation.
RfDo = Reference Dose for Oral Exposure (Williams et al., 2017).
Evidence for toxicity obtained from EPA CompTox, (RT = reproductive toxicology; CT = chronic toxicology; SCT = subchronic toxicology; DT = developmental toxicology; AT = acute toxicology; SAT = subacute toxicology; NT = nuerotoxicology) (Williams et al., 2017).
IARC = International Agency for Research on Cancer (1 = carcinogenic to humans; 2A = probably carcinogenic to humans; 2B = possibly carcinogenic to humans; 3 = not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans; 4 = probably not carcinogenic to humans).
EPA (A = carcinogenic to humans; B = probably carcinogenic to humans; C = possibly carcinogenic to humans; D = not classifiable as to human carcinogenicity; E = evidence of non-carcinogenicity).
CCL = Contaminant Candidate List.