FIGURE 4.

SSL exposure increased levels of proinflammatory bacterial products. Culture of fecal bacteria in SSL-supplemented medium resulted in increased levels of (A) Gram-negative cell wall component lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and (B) Flagellin, a flagellum component, measured by colorimetric indicator SEAP in engineered HEK-Blue reporter cells expressing TLR4 and TLR5, respectively (n = 15, three biological replicates). Statistical significance of pairwise comparisons was determined with a two-tailed Student’s t-test, using Graph Pad Prism *<0.05, **<0.01, ***<0.001, ****<0.0001.