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. 2020 May 15;10:763. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00763

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Multiplex immunohistochemistry/ immunofluorescence (mIHC/IF) staining of gastric carcinoma. Two gastric cancer samples are labeled with PD-L1 (Clone 22C3) (red), EpCAM (green), and DAPI (blue) by using mIHC/IF. EpCAM is a cell surface protein commonly expressed in gastric cancer cells. DAPI is a nuclear counterstain. (A–C) PD-L1 staining (in red) can be observed only on the immune cells surrounding the tumor nests. There is minimal PD-L1 expression within the tumor cells. Image A is mIHC/IF imaging of PD-L1 + DAPI, Image B is EpCAM + DAPI and Image C is PD-L1 + EpCAM + DAPI. (D–F) PD-L1 staining (in red) can be seen in both tumor compartment (majority of the positive cells are located in the yellow highlighted box) and surrounding immune cells. Image D is mIHC/IF imaging of PD-L1 + DAPI, Image E is EpCAM + DAPI and Image F is PD-L1 + EpCAM + DAPI. These images highlight the importance of considering immune-cell expression along with tumor expression of PD-L1 IHC, and the differences between TPS and CPS scores in gastric cancer. Representative images are shown with HALOTM pathology analysis software. (Magnification: 200X).