Table 2. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) analyses.

	Normal weight (n= 23)	Overweight (n= 28)	Obese (n= 29)	F or x2 value	p value
Exercise duration (min)	10.07 ± 2.27	9.13 ± 2.26	9.07 ± 1.30	1.95	0.15
Peak oxygen consumption (ml/kg/min)d	25.18 (23.39, 27.84)	22.53 (20.01, 26.45)	19.14a,b (17.25, 21.64)	24.60	<0.001*
Metabolic equivalentsd	6.90 (6.20, 8.00)	6.35 (5.60, 7.60)	5.30a,b (5.10, 5.90)	22.76	<0.001*
Respiratory exchange ratio	1.26 ± 0.09	1.22 ± 0.10	1.22 ± 0.11	1.28	0.29
Minute ventilation (L/min)	46.96 ± 11.11	51.84 ± 11.61	50.97 ± 8.71	1.52	0.23
Breathing rate (breath/min)	57.04 ± 10.12	52.43 ± 8.15	52.69 ± 8.97	2.02	0.14
Ventilatory tidal volume (ml/kg)	1.01 ± 0.19	1.16 ± 0.22	1.14 ± 0.26	2.90	0.06
Respiratory frequency	46.37 ± 7.26	44.43 ± 7.65	46.18 ± 9.53	0.45	0.64
Peak heart rate (beats/min)	173.22 ± 9.94	166.04 ± 14.00	165.70 ± 8.71	3.48	0.04*
Oxygen pulse (mL/beat)	7.08 ± 1.40	8.75c± 1.72	8.53a± 1.69	7.70	<0.001*
Cardiac output	7.66 ± 1.57	8.59 ± 1.45	8.53 ± 1.54	2.90	0.06
Partial pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide (mmHg)	36.91 ± 4.03	37.11 ± 4.67	37.41 ± 3.95	0.09	0.91
Partial pressure of end-tidal oxygen (mmHg)	114.09 ± 5.11	114.14 ± 5.08	113.86 ± 5.05	0.02	0.98
Ventilatory equivalent of carbon dioxided	31.20 (29.75, 34.15)	31.15 (29.05, 34.30)	31.20 (28.50, 35.20)	0.05	0.98
Ventilatory equivalent of oxygend	37.05 (35.60, 42.80)	36.20 (33.05, 41.60)	36.40 (32.90, 42.60)	0.32	0.85

Notes.

^aindicates significant difference between obese and normal weight groups.

^bindicates significant difference between obese and overweight groups.

^cindicates significant difference between overweight and normal weight groups.

^dindicates data is presented as median (25th, 75th percentiles); Data for others are presented as mean ± standard deviation.

^*indicates significant difference at p < 0.05.