Table 1.

Correlations among Google and Baidu search engines and real-world cases and deaths of COVID-19.

Search terma		WWb cases	WW deaths	China cases	China deaths	Italy cases	Italy deaths	Spain cases	Spain deaths	WA cases	WA deaths	NY cases	NY deaths
Real world deaths
	r	0.87c	N/Ad	0.63	N/A	0.95	N/A	0.97	N/A	0.92	N/A	0.87	N/A
	P value	<.001	N/A	<.001	N/A	<.001	N/A	<.001	N/A	<.001	N/A	<.001	N/A
Coronavirus
	r	0.61	0.56	0.35	0.049	0.33	0.19	0.44	0.32	0.92	0.85	0.62	0.51
	P value	<.001	<.001	.002	.67	.006	.12	<.001	<.001	<.001	<.001	<.001	<.001
COVID-19 e
	r	0.82	0.75	–0.20	–0.34	0.95	0.87	0.86	0.77	0.89	0.84	0.56	0.27
	P value	<.001	<.001	.08	.002	<.001	<.001	<.001	<.001	<.001	<.001	<.001	.11
Fever
	r	0.41	0.33	0.47	–0.065	0.28	0.07	0.21	0.06	0.83	0.84	0.49	0.20
	P value	<.001	<.001	<.001	.57	.02	.56	.09	.62	<.001	<.001	<.001	.23
SOB f
	r	0.73	0.65	0.38	0.053	0.26	0.13	0.51	0.37	0.76	0.73	–0.11	–0.37
	P value	<.001	<.001	<.001	.65	.04	.31	<.001	<.001	<.001	<.001	.53	.03
Cough
	r	0.35	0.26	0.56	0.33	–0.19	–0.37	0.21	0.05	0.46	0.54	–0.51	–0.65
	P value	<.001	.02	<.001	.003	.13	<.001	.08	.67	<.001	<.001	<.001	<.001
Sputum
	r	0.48	0.39	0.48	0.32	0.05	–0.01	0.17	0.07	0.43	0.41	0.63	0.55
	P value	<.001	<.001	<.001	.005	.72	.92	.17	.58	<.001	<.001	<.001	<.001
Anosmia
	r	0.70	0.61	–0.16	–0.21	0.83	0.77	0.58	0.47	0.69	0.58	0.83	0.53
	P value	<.001	<.001	.15	.06	<.001	<.001	<.001	<.001	<.001	<.001	<.001	<.001
Dys/ageusia g
	r	0.75	0.66	0.060	0.003	0.68	0.64	0.69	0.58	0.57	0.48	0.94	0.73
	P value	<.001	<.001	.60	.98	<.001	<.001	<.001	<.001	<.001	<.001	<.001	<.001
Nasal congestion
	r	0.41	0.32	0.59	0.14	0.02	–0.04	0.08	–0.08	0.26	0.25	0.27	–0.05
	P value	<.001	.002	<.001	.24	.88	.74	.51	.53	.03	.03	.11	.77
Rhinorrhea
	r	0.34	0.26	0.52	0.016	0.64	0.48	0.09	–0.02	0.60	0.57	0.50	0.40
	P value	<.001	.02	<.001	.16	<.001	<.001	.49	.86	<.001	<.001	<.001	.01
Sneezing
	r	0.65	0.58	0.78	0.73	0.16	0.03	0.27	0.17	0.65	0.69	0.22	–0.04
	P value	<.001	<.001	<.001	<.001	.21	.81	.03	.18	<.001	<.001	.19	.82
Sore throat
	r	0.49	0.41	0.63	0.34	–0.08	–0.17	0.27	0.11	0.29	0.38	–0.23	–0.32
	P value	<.001	<.001	<.001	.003	.55	.17	.03	.36	.01	<.001	.18	.05
Headache
	r	0.82	0.77	0.56	0.66	0.16	0.09	0.46	0.35	0.18	0.20	–0.18	–0.43
	P value	<.001	<.001	<.001	<.001	.20	.46	<.001	<.001	.12	.08	.30	<.001
Myalgia
	r	0.47	0.42	0.64	0.32	0.07	–0.07	0.42	0.31	0.24	0.17	–0.35	0.24
	P value	<.001	<.001	<.001	.005	.60	.56	<.001	.01	.04	.14	.03	.15
Chest pain
	r	0.83	0.75	0.80	0.53	0.59	0.43	0.44	0.28	0.58	0.41	0.55	0.26
	P value	<.001	<.001	<.001	<.001	<.001	<.001	<.001	.02	<.001	<.001	<.001	.12
Eye pain
	r	0.35	0.29	0.15	0.24	0.06	0.08	–0.05	–0.07	–0.12	–0.05	0.81	0.61
	P value	<.001	.006	.19	.03	.66	.50	.68	.57	.30	.64	<.001	<.001
Diarrhea
	r	0.28	0.21	0.47	0.14	0.35	0.23	0.40	0.26	0.40	0.43	0.33	0.05
	P value	.008	.05	<.001	.21	.004	.06	<.001	.03	<.001	<.001	.05	.76

^aGoogle Trends used for all regions excluding China. Baidu Index used for China.

^bWW: worldwide.

^cItalics denotes strong correlation of r>0.60.

^dNot applicable.

^eCOVID-19: coronavirus disease.

^fSOB: shortness of breath.

^gDysgeusia used for China and Baidu Index search. Ageusia used for all Google Trends searches.