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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2020 Mar 3;237(6):1681–1689. doi: 10.1007/s00213-020-05489-w

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

Acute amitifadine effects on remifentanil self-administration (mean ± sem), N = 14. All three doses of amitifadine (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg) significantly reduced remifentanil self-administration. Remifentanil self-administration increased from the first phase of testing to the second but the effectiveness of amitifadine in reducing self-administration was unabated.