Table 1.
Maternal and newborns group characteristics
| Variables | Control (n = 20) | FGR (n = 20) | P values |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal age (years) | 31.15 ± 2.23 | 30.25 ± 3.97 | 0.383 |
| Pre-pregnancy BMI | 21.30 ± 2.19 | 21.75 ± 3.20 | 0.612 |
| BMI before delivery | 26.47 ± 2.08 | 27.51 ± 3.47 | 0.259 |
| Gestational age (weeks) | 39.63 ± 1.41 | 39.50 ± 1.15 | 0.809 |
| Cesarean deliveries | 7 (35%) | 5 (25%) | 0.490 |
| Husband height (cm) | 173.95 ± 4.49 | 175.45 ± 4.05 | 0.274 |
| Fetal gender (F/M) | 13/7 | 13/7 | |
| BW (gram) | 3557.5 ± 159.7 | 2741.7 ± 195.6 | < 0.001*** |
| BW percentile | 67.93 ± 12.78 | 4.27 ± 1.24 | < 0.001*** |
| Body length (cm) | 51.20 ± 1.70 | 49.40 ± 1.98 | 0.004** |
| Ponderal index | 26.62 ± 2.35 | 23.02 ± 3.75 | < 0.001*** |
| Placental weight (gram) | 602.5 ± 62.86 | 502.25 ± 67.01 | < 0.001*** |
BMI is defined as pregnant women weight × height−2 (kg/m2). Ponderal index is defined as birth weight × body length−3 (kg/m3). Values are expressed as mean ± SD, frequency, and percentage
FGR fetal growth restriction, BMI body mass index, BW birth weight, F female, M male
**P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001