Table 3.

Oxidative stress markers, trace elements levels in healthy and O. ovis infested sheep (Mean ± SE)

	Healthy	Infested	Change (%)a	P-value
Nitric oxide (nmol/mg protein)	48.37 ± 0.19	62.67 ± 3.76	29.6	0.019*
MDA (nmol/ml)	12.33 ± 0.17	30.33 ± 2.03	146.0	0.001*
Zinc (µg/dl)	118.00 ± 0.58	55.67 ± 2.96	− 52.8	<0.0001*
IFN-γ	5.33 ± 0.88	21.33 ± 2.91	300.2	0.006*
TNF-α (U/ml)	5.50 ± 0.29	23.00 ± 3.21	318.2	0.006*

^aPercentage of change between the mean values of the infested group (O. ovis infested sheep) and the healthy control group (group of non- infested sheep; with no O. ovis infestation and no any parasites); *Indicate significant difference at p-value < 0.05; SE Standard error