Table 1.

Environmental and disturbance covariates fitted in dynamic occupancy models for mammals detected over a period of 8 years in the Udzungwa Mountains of Tanzania

Variable	Notation	Description	Hypotheses
Elevation	ELEV	Elevation of camera‐trapping sites (m a.s.l.).	Species‐specific variability in response to elevation as proxy for habitat type, for example, positive effect on interior species (Sanje mangabey, Abbott's duiker).
Elevation squared	ELEV2	Square term for the effect of elevation.	Mid‐altitude peaks in species‐specific distribution for species ranging across the elevation gradient (e.g., suni).
N of snares	SNARES	The number of snares for illegal hunting collected by the field team during the deployment of each array of camera traps in every sampling season.	Negative effect especially for species most targeted by hunting, for example, forest antelopes.
Firewood collection activity	BAN	Binary year‐specific covariate, which describes the state of the forest in terms of firewood collection activity (allowed/not allowed). Firewood collection was allowed in the forest until 2011.	Positive effect for species preferring edge/low elevation species (e.g., Harvey's duiker, suni)

The hypothesized relationship is also indicated.